Teeth, unfortunately, do not have the ability to regenerate, and with time wear heavily. One of the ways to restore the integrity of the dentition is the covering prosthesis. As with any technology, this technique has its own advantages and disadvantages, as well as contraindications.
What is a cover removable denture?
The device in question is a removable structure, which is securely fixed by means of special fasteners of the lock type called atachmen. It consists of three parts:
- basis (base of adaptation);
- artificial teeth;
- Clamps or retainers (retaining elements).
Coated prostheses are fixed on implants or own teeth, as well as crowns and residual roots. Fixation is carried out using hooks and magnetic locks, rather than glue, as in the case of standard technologies.
In dentistry, a cover prosthesis is preferred, which is attached to implants, usually in an amount of 4 pieces. This is due to a more correct distribution of the load and pressure on the jaw when chewing. If the prosthesis is fixed on your own teeth, it can cause them to become more abrasion, wear, damage to the surface of the gums and mucosa.
Indications for installation of tools:
- amputation of the crown area of the teeth;
- complete absence or insufficient number of teeth;
- excessive destruction of hard tissue;
- presence of only the root part of the tooth;
- fracture of the crown.
Advantages of the described technology:
- good functional activity is observed;
- no additional bone tissue is needed;
- relief of pressure on the palate;
- prevents the atrophy of the solid parts of the jaw;
- the adaptation process is faster;
- allow you to immediately restore the dentition.
Disadvantages of prosthetics:
- high price;
- the need for relocation (welding to the surface of the base an additional layer of material with which it is coated to restore the ideal fitting of the prosthesis to the gum);
- laborious maintenance of the structure.
In addition, there are contraindications to the procedure:
- disorders of the nervous system;
- diabetes;
- cardiovascular diseases ;
- pathology of blood clotting.
Cover prosthesis for the upper jaw
As a rule, the design for the upper jaw is hooked, and not the magnetic lock. This provides a more reliable fixation, eliminates the risk of prosthesis falling out.
The device is first made of wax in the form of a demountable working model after obtaining an impression on the silicone filler. In the future, correction of artificial teeth is performed taking into account the curvature of the gums and the shape of the jaw. The finished prosthesis is covered with a special diamond paste, which increases the strength of the structure and reduces the degree of wear.
Cover prosthesis for the lower jaw
This device is done exactly the same as for the upper jaw, but the mounts can be used by others. The hook lock will be too noticeable with the naked eye, while the magnetic lock will provide a good fixation and a high aesthetics of the prosthesis.
Because of the increased strain on the lower jaw during the chewing process, dentists recommend placing the prosthesis on implants (from 2 to 4 pieces). This will help to avoid an incorrect distribution of pressure on the roots of your own teeth.
Full Cover Denture
This type of construction is used in the absence of teeth or the inexpediency of retaining residual roots, for example, if they are susceptible to any disease or too fragile. In addition, the cover prosthesis in this case can serve as a temporary measure to maintain the integrity of the dentition before permanent implantation.