Few adults do not know what tartar is. Dental stone is a mineralized and hardened plaque, which is formed on the surface of the tooth enamel. This phenomenon is unpleasant not only aesthetically, its occurrence is fraught with serious consequences, such as the development of caries, gingivitis and periodontitis.
Toothstone - causes
The first on the teeth formed a soft plaque, just a few hours after cleansing the first plaques appear. It consists of numerous accumulations of bacteria and covers the teeth with a film of varying density. Virtually all types of bacteria observed in the human oral cavity are present in the plaque composition. In addition to bacteria, polysaccharides and proteins are observed in the plaque. Bacteria use carbohydrates from food for reproduction. And also with their help they produce special enzymes that allow them to be fixed firmly to the tooth enamel.
With a combination of different factors begins mineralization of plaque. These factors include:
- unsatisfactory oral hygiene or lack of it;
- prevalence of soft food in the diet;
- one-sided chewing for various reasons;
- a metabolic disorder;
- malocclusion ;
- poor-quality seals;
- orthodontic apparatus;
- orthopedic constructions.
Mechanism of tartar formation
Minerals for curing plaque and tartar formation come from saliva. Sealing, the plaque descends downwards, to the gingival margin and under it, as a result of which oxygen no longer enters and there is an active proliferation of anaerobic bacteria that quickly lead to the development of the inflammatory process. Ordinary toothpaste from such a tartar will not help. Begins bleeding gums, there is an unpleasant smell from the mouth, the stone begins to destroy the supporting tissues of the tooth, the destruction of the bone and the development of periodontitis.
How to get rid of tartar?
There is no one single remedy for tartar, which would help once and for all. It is guaranteed to remove hard plaque can only the dentist with the help of special equipment. The most effective and common method of removing calculus is ultrasonic teeth cleaning.
With ultrasonic vibrations, a vibrating force acts on the tartar, which quickly and accurately breaks the attachment of the plaque to the walls of the tooth. Parallel to the special tip comes a jet of water, which rinses off the fragments of tartar and flushes them from the periodontal pockets. In this case, with the help of a saliva ejector, the entire fluid that has formed is removed together with saliva. After such manipulation, a rough surface remains on the place of the stone, which is polished with special brushes and pastes.
Another commonly used remedy for tartar removal is soda. It is used during the application of the Air Flow technique, ie sand blasting. Through a special tip of soda, along with water and air is fed under high pressure.
Prophylaxis of tartar
Instead of wondering how to treat tartar it is better to learn the methods of prevention in a timely manner. To avoid the formation of tartar it is often enough:
- properly and thoroughly brush your teeth twice a day after eating;
- use high-quality toothbrushes , pastes, threads and rinses;
- visit the dentist regularly;
- carry out professional cleaning at least once a year.