Rosacea - a fairly common skin disease with a chronic course and characteristic manifestations, which, mainly, affect the skin of the face. Most often it affects women from 40 to 50 years old with fair skin. Let us consider in more detail what kind of illness it is, what causes rosacea of the skin, and how it is treated.
Causes of Rosacea Skin
The development of the disease is associated with a change in the tone of the superficial arterioles of the facial skin. There are a number of reasons that can provoke this:
1. The impact of external factors, including:
- the use of alcoholic beverages;
- drinking coffee;
- use of hot food and drinks;
- spicy, spicy food in the diet;
- solar radiation;
- exposure to low and high temperatures on the skin;
- frequent chemical peelings .
2. Dermatological diseases of an infectious nature.
3. Development of mites of the genus Demodex.
4. Diseases of the digestive system associated with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori:
- gastritis;
- a peptic ulcer.
5. Pathology of the endocrine system:
- decrease in lipase secretion;
- adrenal insufficiency, etc.
6. Use of local corticosteroids.
7. Pathologies of the autonomic nervous system.
8. Heredity.
9. Changing the immune status of the body.
Symptoms and development of rosacea
In the course of the disease, three stages are distinguished, characterized by different manifestations.
Erythematous-telangiectatic stage
The initial stage of the disease manifests itself periodically arising in response to the action of irritant factors erythema in the form of red spots, which are most often localized in the T-zone and can persist for several days. At this phase, the disease often goes unnoticed. Defects can still be masked with cosmetics. Also on the skin begin to appear multiple sites with dilated vessels (telangiectasia).
Papulos-pustular stage
Later on the areas of redness begin to form groups of small papules covered with thin scales. As a rule, at first they are localized on the skin of the nose and nasolabial folds, and later spread to the skin of the forehead and chin. Some papules later become pustules filled with sterile contents. Also at this stage, puffiness and infiltration of the skin often develop.
Papular-nodal stage
The development of the pathological process leads to the formation of inflammatory nodes and plaques. Sites of rashes increase and merge. Develops fibrosis and hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands, disfiguring of the face.
Treatment of facial skin disease of rosacea
There are no precise schemes and methods for treating rosacea, experts recommend them individually. Treatment may include:
- antibiotic therapy (local or systemic);
- taking vasoconstrictive drugs;
- the use of anti-inflammatory drugs (non-steroidal and hormonal);
- application of funds with sebosupressive effect (retinoids, antiandrogens);
- use of drugs that normalize the processes of keratinization (hydroxy acids, tretinoin).
Good results in the treatment of rosacea give physiotherapy methods:
- laser therapy;
- photocoagulation;
- cryotherapy .
It is also recommended to follow a diet that excludes salty and spicy dishes, coffee, alcohol.
Skin care with rosacea
Special care for the skin in this disease provides protection of the skin in the cold season from wind and frost with a scarf, protective creams. In the summer, you should protect your face from ultraviolet light, using sunscreen, sunglasses, hats with wide margins. It is forbidden to visit the sauna, solarium.
Cosmetics used should be soft, preferably including natural extracts (cucumber, chamomile, blueberries, etc.). Cosmetics should not contain alcohol, it is also better to select funds marked "hypoallergenic" and "from couperose." Using decorative cosmetics, always need to apply first protective cream.