Since the XII century, married women in Russia supplemented their ensemble with a headdress called "forty", as evidenced by the old photo-illustrations and excavations of archaeologists. Complex in composition and multi-layered attribute of the women's wardrobe differed in methods of making and scenes of decor, form and materials.
Female Russian Headdress "Magpie" - description
The traditional "forty" consisted of three elements:
- this so-called kichka - a soft canvas cap with a hard head part, which was worn directly on the hair. The solid elevation was made of oak, birch bark, quilted canvas linen or crocks stuffed with straw. The shape of the kitsch could be flat, or have ledges on the sides, imitating horns. In this case, it was called a "horned kichka". It was the kitschka that gave the headdress its original form, for example, in some photos there is a magpie with a hoof-like and kettle-like kichka;
- completed the composition of a kind of cover (directly "forty"), which was put on top of the kitsch and pozateny, which covered the back of the head. The cover was sewn from soft velvet, kumach, silk with cotton or linen lining. The pozatilen was a rectangular strip of fabric embroidered with gold threads and fastened with cardboard;
- ochelie - the frontal part of the originally Russian female headdress "forty" was decorated with embroidery, colored rhinestones, sewn with braid of beads, along the edges of the ochelina, a fringe was sewn on.
Headdresses were made at home and were the embodiment of the best traditions and the manifestation of individuality. They were decorated with various decorative elements, differed in color and decor themes.
In addition to the main components, the Magpies were supplemented with various elements, varying depending on the age of the owner and the place of residence.
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