Hypertensive illness is classified according to pressure indicators. In the early stages, this diagnosis means that the pathology is just starting to develop, serious changes in the functioning of the body have not happened yet, and dangerous consequences can be prevented.
Arterial hypertension 1 degree is characterized by values of 140-159 mm Hg. Art. for systolic and 90-94 mm Hg. Art. for diastolic blood pressure. When diagnosing a disease, it is also necessary to indicate the degree of risk of complications of the disease.
Risk 1 for early arterial hypertension 1 degree
The described parameter is estimated in terms of the probability of developing cardiovascular diseases in the next 10 years. If this indicator at the first degree of hypertension is about 15%, the risk is diagnosed 1.
In addition to the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the following factors are taken into account:
- age (for women - over 65 years);
- presence of diabetes mellitus;
- smoking;
- concentration of cholesterol in the blood (more than 6.5 mmol / l);
- hereditary predisposition.
Risk 2 for mild arterial hypertension 1 degree
This diagnosis is established with a statistical probability of complications of about 20%.
The forecast is adversely affected by other factors:
- excess body weight;
- Microalbuminuria on the background of endocrine disorders and diabetes mellitus ;
- increased concentration of fibrinogen;
- pathology of tolerance to glucose compounds.
It is also important that a person belongs to a certain ethnic, geographical and socio-economic group.
Risk 3 with arterial hypertension 1 degree
The combination of several of these factors significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.
If this parameter reaches 30%, hypertension of the 1st degree with a third risk is diagnosed.
Risk 4 with arterial hypertension 1 degree
When the likelihood of complications exceeds 30%, the 4th risk of cardiovascular disease is established.
Especially often such situations occur if the patient has concomitant pathologies of the kidneys, endocrine, nervous system, heart and blood vessels.
Treatment of arterial hypertension 1 degree
At this stage of hypertension the following therapeutic measures are provided:
- normalization of the activity and rest regime;
- correction of power;
- weight loss (if necessary);
- to give up smoking;
- exclusion of emotional overload;
- mastering the methods of relaxation.
If these methods have not helped, the medication is selected, which is determined only by the cardiologist.