Cysts of the thyroid gland have a different histological structure. The colloid cyst of the thyroid gland consists of distinctive lobules lined with follicles. Inside the follicles contain a protein fluid - a colloid. As the development of follicles die, and colloidal fluid accumulates.
Features of the disease
In 95% of patients the cyst is benign, but in 5% of cases the formation becomes malignant. In this case, most pathological changes in the colloid cyst occur in the left lobe of the thyroid gland, as it is more active. The colloid cyst of the right lobe of the thyroid gland rarely increases to critical dimensions (more than 6 mm). When there is a shortage of iodine , multiple colloid cysts of both thyroid glands appear in the body. These education signals the development of nodular goiter. Another complication of colloid cysts may be thyrotoxicosis, an excess of thyroid hormones .
Treatment of a colloid cyst of the thyroid gland
The choice of methods of therapy for a colloid cyst depends on the nature of the formation.
Small cysts are treated with iodine-containing drugs. In more complex cases, hormonal treatment is administered and periodic hormonal examination is organized. The main method of therapy is the puncture of the cyst and suction of the contents with the simultaneous introduction into the cavity of alcohol to glue its walls.
For a number of indications, an operation is performed to remove the cyst. To surgical intervention resorted to in the following cases:
- with malignant nature of education;
- large cyst size;
- presence of purulent contents in the cavity;
- marked deformation of the neck.
Important! It is necessary to protect the thyroid zone from all trauma and avoid prolonged insolation. In addition, to reduce the risk of new growth can be through vitamin therapy and iodine-containing diet.