Dental implantation is used to replace the teeth that have fallen out or torn out. This technique involves implantation in the maxillofacial bone of a firm support, on which the prosthesis will later be held.
Indications and contraindications for dental implantation
Real indications for dental implantation:
- loss of tooth;
- absence of 2-3 dental units of one row;
- no terminal teeth;
- toothless jaws (in the case when the alveolar processes are less than usual), etc.
Absolute taboos on implants are distributed in such cases:
- malignant neoplasms;
- diseases of the circulatory system;
- I type of diabetes mellitus;
- tuberculosis;
- mental illness and nervous disorders;
- rheumatoid ailments, etc.
Diversity of implants
For the operation of dental implantation, structures are used which differ not only in shape but in size.
In form they can be:
- plate;
- subperiosteal;
- root-shaped;
- stabilized;
- intramucosal;
- combined;
- mini-implants.
Also, the systems used for dental implantation of the teeth may be helical or cylindrical. Each of these varieties has its distinctive advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the dentist can make a decision about the expediency of using a certain implant only after a careful examination of the patient's condition.
Installation of implants
The whole process of setting up artificial systems can be conditionally divided into the following stages:
- The preparatory period, during which the patient is examined and the maximum information about his state of health is collected. At the same stage, a decision is made about which implant will be chosen.
- Implantation of an artificial root. This operation lasts about an hour. After that, it is given time for the structure to take root in the body (the period lasts up to six months). So that the patient does not experience discomfort, he is put on a temporary crown on the implant.
- Fastening of the gingiva former. Then, in time, he is replaced by a support system,
intended for fixing the crown . - Fixation of a stationary dental crown.
Complications of dental implantation
Very rarely complications occur. They can appear as a few days after the strengthening of the dental structure, and years later. The most serious are reimplantitis (inflammation of the bone tissue), as well as rejection of the implant. Therefore, with the first signs of inflammation or signs of discomfort, the patient is recommended to consult a dentist.