The recession of the gums is the omission of the contour of the gum, in which the surface of the tooth root is exposed. As a result, a person's sensitivity to the mechanical, heat and food stimuli increases. Due to the lowering of the gums, rather large voids are formed, in which pathogenic bacteria can accumulate. This is why the bone tissue of the teeth and tissues that support them are damaged.
Causes of gum recession
The main causes of gum recession are:
- parodontosis;
- gingivitis or periodontitis ;
- traumatization of tissues with orthopedic structures or seals;
- poor hygiene of the oral cavity;
- allergic reactions to the crown carcass;
- cervical caries.
Sometimes a gum recession occurs when there is no treatment for orthodontic problems: malocclusion, a short frenum of the lip, etc. This problem can also be faced by those who suffer from chronic gastrointestinal diseases and diabetes mellitus.
Treatment of gum recession
Eliminating the recession of the gums is a complex process, which even in the mild stage should be performed only by the doctor. Most patients are helped to get rid of this problem by deep cleaning of the damaged area. But it gives a good effect only in very early stages, when the roots are barely bare.
In the course of performing a thorough cleansing, plaque and stone are scraped out, which accumulated on the surface of the teeth and on their roots under the gum line. The exposed part of the tooth root is well polished so that the bacteria can not attach to it. Sometimes after such treatment of a gum recession at home, the patient should take antibiotics. They will help get rid of the remaining harmful mouth bacteria.
Surgical treatment of recession
Very often, during the recession of the gums, surgical methods of treatment are used:
- Moving the gingival flap to the area of the recession - this method gives good results in the generalized and localized recession. It is used if there is a sufficient amount of gum.
- Closure of gum recession by a lateral flap - as a rule, it is taken in the zone adjacent to the location of the defect. Thus, an excellent aesthetic result is achieved, because the fabrics perfectly match in color. This method is used only for localized recession, in cases where there is a sufficient amount of material in soft tissues.
- Transplantation of the flap from the hard palate - with such a surgical intervention, a flap of tissue that is extracted from the mucous membrane of the palate is attached to the site of the defect. After surgery, some patients experience discomfort at the site of tissue removal, besides, the color of the flap does not completely match.
It can be used to treat recession and directed tissue regeneration. To stimulate the growth of their own gums use special membranes. Non-resorbable membranes are implanted in the affected area, and after complete recovery they are removed by repeated surgical intervention. Resorbable membranes are not necessary
Medicamentous treatment of gum recession
Treatment of gum recession can be performed without surgery. To do this, we need special protein biological products that stimulate the regeneration of tissues. They are based on amelogenins, which promote the formation of structural tissues of the tooth and enamel, as well as cell-free cement. One of the most effective drugs of this group is EmdogainÒ. With the help of this drug, you can get rid of gum recession in a short time without plastic.