Some gardeners often wonder whether it is necessary to water the grapes additionally, if it already refers to mesophytes, that is, it is a plant growing in conditions of moderate humidity. Of course, it is necessary, because it positively affects the grapes: it leads to better growth and is guaranteed to significantly increase their yield.
The amount of moisture required for grapes depends on:
- region of grapes cultivation ;
- features of the variety;
- the condition of the plant itself;
- landing technology;
- irrigation systems.
Types of irrigation:
- The charge is used to accumulate moisture in the ground, which will reduce the probability of its freezing and increase the frost resistance of the above-ground organs of the grapes, and provide moisture to the bushes for the first time of growth after winter.
- Planting - is carried out when planting a bush.
- Watering the young seedlings - in the first year after planting.
- Vegetative - on the condition of the plant itself (determined by the leaves) depends on how often it will be necessary to water the grapes.
Terms of watering grapes
- Rechargeable watering. It is held in spring and autumn. Usually by the middle of October the soil is already dried somewhere in the depth of one meter. Therefore, the last watering of the grapes, carried out after harvesting to the leaf fall, will help normal preparation of plants for winter . If the winter is poor on precipitation, then such watering should be carried out in the early spring, before the opening of the eye: watering with cold water will slow the opening of the eyes, which will protect the bush from late frosts, and watering with warm water will stimulate awakening. Each water recharge irrigation is carried out with drip irrigation at the rate of 200-300 liters per bush of grapes with a feeding area of 4-5 m2, if irrigation is performed on furrows, this rate should be increased two to three times.
- Planting watering . When planting the seedling in autumn, first 1 to 2 buckets of ordinary water are poured into the planting pit, wait until it is well absorbed, put the bush, half fill it with earth and again pour 1 to 2 buckets of water. When planting in the spring - first you have to pour hot water, and then warm.
- Watering a young seedling . In the first year after planting young grapes should be watered 1 time in 2 weeks before the beginning of August. Watering is not carried out under the trunk of the bush, but pouring 4-5 buckets of water into the holes, excavated around the seedling at a distance of 30-50 cm. Very efficient use of drip irrigation. Be sure to make sure that the roots do not over-wet, it's very harmful.
- Vegetative watering . Depend on the period of growth of grapes, since it needs watering when buds are blown, after flowering and during ripening of berries.
For the season are held several times:
- the first watering - after flowering;
- The second is in June, when berries are the size of peas, i.e. before the appearance of color and softening of berries;
- the third - in the second half of July in the same volume as the second, but not later than three weeks before maturation.
When to stop watering the grapes?
- before and during flowering;
- a few weeks before the harvest (in August and early September).
How correctly to water the grapes?
To water the grapes properly, you should follow the rules:
- Start to water the grapes when the grass begins to dry around them.
- When planting bushes in rows, watering is done on the furrows, and individual bushes - making around them annular grooves or holes.
- Excessive watering is even worse than inadequate.
- Under each bush tentatively it is necessary to pour out 5-7 buckets of water.
- Water should be in the evening, heated in the sun with water.
- Do not water from the water supply system with a hose from above on the bushes every day along with flowers;
- Do not water directly directly from the well.
If the grapes will have a sufficient amount of moisture, then the ends of growing shoots will be bent, and in the fall you will get a good harvest.