Dysbacteriosis is not an independent disease - it only signals violations of the body. Also, the cause of the imbalance of harmful and useful flora of the intestine can be a long course (more than 7 days) of antibiotic treatment.
Preliminary Diagnostics
Dysbacteriosis is accompanied by nausea, heartburn, constipation or diarrhea, belching, an unpleasant aftertaste and a smell from the mouth. Sometimes there may be "jam" in the corners of the mouth. As you can see, the clinical picture is blurred, and for good reason. These same symptoms occur in diseases of the digestive tract, liver, helminthiases, etc. Therefore, before you suspect a dysbiosis, you must pass the basic tests:
- coprogram - analysis of stool, which can be used to judge the enzymatic function of the intestine, pancreas, stomach, liver, and diagnose inflammatory processes of the gastrointestinal tract and colitis;
- analysis of feces for worms and enterobiosis - allows to detect eggs of helminths and pinworms;
- analysis of feces for pathogenic bacteria - reveals shigella, salmonella, pathogenic serovars of Escherichia coli.
These studies are simple and painless, done in the laboratories of all polyclinics. It is important to conduct them before doing an analysis of the intestinal dysbiosis to exclude the main causes of the above symptoms.
What analyzes hand over on a dysbacteriosis?
Modern diagnostics offers two methods:
1. Bacteriological study - a simple classic way to identify microorganisms in the stool of a patient. The result of the analysis on a dysbacteriosis gives the chance to judge about a microflora. However, the method has several disadvantages:
- does not give a complete picture of the intestinal microflora;
- Only the cavity flora is examined, and the inhabitants of the intestinal mucosa (mucosal flora) remain "behind the scenes";
- a significant part of the flora is represented by microorganisms-anaerobes, which perish in the air-the result of analysis for dysbiosis, is thus distorted;
- During the time when the biomaterial falls on the glass of the laboratory assistant, most of the flora dies under the influence of the "unusual" environment for it.
2. Biochemical analysis of intestinal dysbacteriosis is a method for studying metabolites (volatile fatty acids) released by microbes in the process of vital activity. The analysis is simple and allows you to get results within a few hours, as well as diagnose not only dysbiosis, but also gastrointestinal diseases.
How correctly to hand over the analysis?
The result of the analysis on dysbacteriosis is influenced by the preparation. It is important to strictly observe the following requirements:
- the chair must be involuntary (without laxative and enema);
- The container for collection of stool should be sterile (sold at the pharmacy);
- to the chair you need to urinate;
- Collect the material immediately after defecation and deliver it to the laboratory within 2 hours;
- Store biomaterial in the refrigerator can be no more than 4 hours, freezing is not allowed;
- before the analysis, you should wait for the withdrawal of antibiotics or probiotics (if any).
What does the analysis show for dysbiosis?
After bacteriological research, the microorganisms inhabiting the intestine will be found in the biomaterial. The norm of the analysis on a dysbacteriosis in this case is those:
- lactobacilli - 106-109;
- bifidobacteria - 108-1010;
- peptococci and peptostreptococcus - 105- 106;
- bacteroides - 107-109;
- esherichia - 106-108;
- Staphylococci (epidermal, non-hemolytic, coagulase-negative) - 104-105;
- yeast-like fungi -
- streptococci - 105-107;
- Staphylococci (plasma-coagulating, hemolytic) - 103;
- clostridium - 103-105;
- nonfermenting gram-negative rods, conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria -
The resulted indicators of the analysis on a dysbacteriosis are measured in cfu / g of a feces (colony-forming units).
When the biochemical analysis is given for intestinal dysbacteriosis, the reference values (norm) can be different for each of the laboratories.