Spots and moles that appear on the skin of newborns are called birthmarks or nevi. Most often, such spots are formed due to the accumulation of small vessels under the skin. Red birthmarks appear in the child on the scalp, on the forehead and eyelids. They are especially noticeable when the newborn screams. Over time, such spots pass without a trace, but sometimes they do not disappear for several years.
Types of birthmarks
- Hemangioma strawberry I - soft, convex patch of crimson color. It consists of an underdeveloped vascular material. Appears in the baby in the first weeks of life on the neck, head and even on internal organs. Grow such birthmarks usually up to six months, and then disappear on their own until the child reaches 7 years. Treatment is often not required.
- Hemangioma cavernous - bluish-red, friable, sometimes warm to the touch, rises above the surface of the skin. Grows for half a year, then independently "withers" when the child turns 18 months and disappears completely to the age of five. It is often found together with a strawberry hemangioma, but, unlike it, can be located deep under the skin.
- A flat hemangioma is a slightly stained above the skin spot, consisting of capillaries, from pink to reddish-violet
- Congenital pigmentation spots , called "birthmarks of babies", exist on the skin already at the time of the birth of the child. They are brown and almost black, not larger than 2.5 cm in size. Sometimes the birthmarks of the newborn are bulging or hairy. That single, then in large numbers, they occur more often on the child's torso.
- Mongolian spots - greenish or cyanotic colored spots, similar to bruises, appear on the buttocks and the back of the newborn. They disappear by themselves until the age of seven children.
- Wine spots or "fire nevus" are flat spots of purple or red color of various sizes, consisting of dilated capillaries. Appear in newborns most often on the face. As the growth, such spots increase in size and can become more vivid. The danger of the wine birthmark is that if you do not take any measures in time, the stain can remain with the child for life.
Why do birthmarks appear?
According to many doctors, the appearance of nevi on the body of a newborn is associated with a certain malfunction in the body that occurred at the time when the circulatory system of the child was being formed. The cause of the appearance of birthmarks in the newborn may be premature birth or mild labor.
The need to remove a birthmark in a child occurs in very rare cases, so the question - whether it is possible to remove the birthmark or not - is decided only by an oncologist. It is necessary to exclude the friction of birthmarks on the child's clothing, so as not to damage and not cause their inflammation.
There are several ways to treat birthmarks:
- surgery;
- cryotherapy;
- laser therapy;
- injecting drugs inside the birthmark.
All birthmarks are a kind of benign neoplasm and most often (if not increased) do not need treatment. If birthmarks appear on the body of your child, you need to be very careful about the child's exposure to the sun, since ultraviolet rays can trigger the transformation of the birthmark into an oncological tumor. It is important to constantly monitor the condition of birthmarks and with minor changes in them must consult with one or even several specialists. However, the final decision in the matter of treatment is always for the parents.