Fine Japanese, cherry (sakura) - a symbol of the Land of the Rising Sun, can become an excellent decoration of the park, city alley or garden plot. Some owners of household plots use the plant as a hedge. In the spring, sakura trees with beautiful pink inflorescences look particularly attractive.
Japanese Cherry Sakura
In spring, the national holiday of cherry blossom is celebrated in Japan - Khanami. Japanese decorative cherry is popular in many countries of the world. Today there are more than 400 varieties of this amazingly beautiful tree. The main types of sakura are:
- Kanzan, or cherry small-filed - an erect, branchy tree. It can grow up to 10 m in height. Rapidly growing branches hang it a little, the crown is funnel-shaped. Large oval leaves in the spring have a bronze hue, in the summer - green-glossy, and in the autumn they turn yellow-orange.
- Kiku-shidar is called a Japanese bird cherry or a weeping cherry. The tree has drooping branches and an irregular crown. Its height can reach 3.5 m. Green leaves turn into yellow-purple in autumn. This tree is frost-resistant.
- Short-bristled cherry is considered one of the ancestors of sakura. Her flowers are collected in lush umbellate brushes and have a beautiful light purple color. The tree is drought- and winter-hardy.
Japanese cherry - landing
Japanese cherry is very fond of light, so for planting it is necessary to choose a well-lit area. It is desirable that there is no stagnation of rain or melt water on it. The best option for planting an Sakura will be a small hillock or a mound. From the cold winds, the tree will be protected by the wall of the building. When planting Japanese cherry seedlings, a distance of 1.5-2 m should be observed between them. The best time for sakura planting is considered to be early spring, before swelling of the kidneys. Although you can plant the plant in late autumn.
For planting, it is necessary to prepare a pit in the size of 45x35 cm in advance, filling it with a mixture of humus with the top fertile layer of the earth. When planting, the root collar of the seedlings should be at the soil level. The land around the cherry blossom should be slightly tampered and, digging a peg beside it, tied the plant to it. So his wind will not loosen. After planting, the plant must be watered and mulched by the peat bar with peat or humus. Proper planting of cherry and care for it in the future will make the plant an excellent decoration of your infield.
Japanese Sakura - care
At home, cherry care involves several mandatory activities:
- regular watering is especially important in the period of hot weather and in spring, during the bookmarking of the kidneys and ovaries;
- early in the spring or two weeks after the end of flowering it is necessary to spray the tree with nitrophene, which is the prevention of fungal diseases;
- to protect Japanese cherries from ants, aphids, its trunk can be coated with petroleum jelly;
- for winter sakura it is necessary to warm: to tie a bast, and places of inoculations to close with agrofiber. To protect against sunburn, use whitewash trunk and the base of branches.
Japanese cherry - pruning
Cultivation and care of sakura is impossible without a regular but gentle cutting of the tree. In the early spring, before the beginning of the sap movement, all dry or unnecessary branches that interfere with air exchange should be removed. Places of slices must be immediately treated with garden vine . This will help avoid gum a thick, sticky, yellowish substance. It will not appear if the plant provides good drainage, as well as proper watering.
Japanese Sakura - additional fertilizing
If you want to have a flowering Japanese cherry on the site, then you need to feed the tree regularly. Care for cherry in the spring is to apply nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. And at the end of summer the tree should be fed with a fertilizer containing phosphorus and potassium. On poor soils, humus is applied at the rate of 10 kg per 1 sq.m. For medium-nutrient soils, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by half. Insufficient feeding or lack of it negatively affects the growth and development of the tree. It is best to combine feeding with watering.
Japanese cherry - reproduction
The Japanese cherry tree reproduces in two main ways:
- Seeds. To do this, they are soaked for a day in water, the soil for sowing must consist of sand, sawdust and ash. Seeds are buried in soil mixture for 1 cm, watered and covered with a film. Within 2 months in this form they should pass stratification in a cold place, and then they germinate at room temperature.
- Cuttings. To do this, in the middle of summer it is necessary to cut a half-aged shoot about 12 cm long and place it in a mixture of sand and peat. The optimum temperature for fast rooting of the cuttings is about + 18 ° С. After the appearance of the roots, the stalk must be placed in a glass. His wintering should take place at a temperature not exceeding + 8 ° С. In spring, the Japanese cherry seedling should be transplanted into a large container, and in 2-3 years can be planted in the open ground.