Crimea is an amazing place, where history and modernity, ancient monuments and natural resources, beaches, the sea, mountains, palaces , caves have merged. Each city offers its guests an interesting place to visit. Ruins of Chersonesos - one of the main sights of Sevastopol. The city was founded in the V century BC and for two thousand years of its existence was the focus of Byzantine and Roman culture, underwent numerous changes of power, conquest, destruction. With him are the famous names of such great rulers as King Mithridates, Emperor Gaius Julius Caesar, Prince Vladimir.
The National Reserve of Tauric Chersonesos in Sevastopol is considered to be one of the most studied ancient cities, as archaeological research has been conducted here for more than 170 years. The very name "Chersonese" is translated from Greek as "peninsula", and the definition of "Tavrichesky" - located on the land of the Tauris, in ancient times, the South Coast of Crimea was called Taurica. In ancient Russian annals it is known as Korsun.
Chersonesos was a real polis - a city-state. His heyday he experienced in the period from IV to II century BC, at that time there dominated the slave system, and the form of government was democratic - the main body of executive power was the people's assembly. In the II century BC, the warlike Scythians went to the Chersonesites by war and they were forced to turn to the powerful king Myrddat IV Evpator. The nomads retreated, but the city lost its independence. In the I century BC, the polis became part of the mighty Roman Empire and lost its democracy. In the IV century, Christianity penetrated into Chersonesos and it became its main outpost, with many temples and shrines. For two millennia of its existence, the city was waging war and in the middle of the XV century finally fell, exhausted by the raids of nomads.
The Tauric Chersonesos Reserve was given the status of a national decree in 1994 by presidential decree. Today it is a large scientific-
- The research center, which includes many departments and expositions. The main historical monument is the town of Tauric Chersonesos itself, which is an exposition of the ruins of residential and public buildings discovered by various excavations of the history of the city. The following significant objects are located on its territory:
- the central square of Chersonesos - was laid during the construction of the city and did not change its functions during the whole time. It traditionally built temples - at first ancient, then - Christian. Now in the central square of Tauric Chersonesos the Vladimir cathedral, restored on the place of its destroyed predecessor, built in the XIX century, rises;
- the ancient theater in Chersonese is the only theater of its kind in the whole CIS. Built at the turn of the III and IV centuries, served as an arena for public gatherings, festivities and gladiatorial fights. But with the introduction of Christianity in the Roman Empire was brought to desolation, and later completely built up by temples;
- The Basilica in the Basilica is a medieval temple, derived from the fact that one sanctuary was built on the ruins of another;
- The tower of Zeno, named after the Byzantine emperor;
- the remains of the defensive walls of the city.
Where is Chersonesus?
Tourists who arrived on the Crimean land, invariably strive to visit Chersonese along with other sights of Sevastopol, so pay attention to how to get there. From the railway station you need to get to the bus stop. Dm. Ulyanova, sailing to trolleybus No. 10 or 6, or by using the fixed-route taxi No. 107, 109, 110 and 112. Then you can change to bus number 22 and drive along Ulyanov Street towards the sea and walk for about 15-12 minutes and then turn to street Ancient.
Some visitors to the museum are surprised by the abundance of people in bathing suits on the beaches of Chersonesos. And indeed, the beaches that are located on the territory of the museum city look at least strange, but they have a special charm, because they are quite popular, despite the very relative level of comfort.
A powerful resonance and influx of pilgrims caused the recent discovery of the foot of Andrew the First-Called in Chersonesos. The trackprint was known to the locals before, but they did not connect it with the saint until they compared his whereabouts with a record in the 16th century chronicle.
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