Building a house in two floors will inevitably lead to the necessity of making a staircase, sooner or later. Of course, you can buy and ready-made kit and install it, but it will cost quite a lot. So it's time to think about making a ladder made of wood with your own hands.
Selection of material and collection of components and tools
Making a ladder made of wood on the second floor begins with choosing the material for it. There are several options: beech, eat, oak, ash, larch, maple. Each of these types of wood has its advantages and disadvantages. Here you are free to choose according to your tastes, requirements and financial possibilities.
When you decide on the material, it will be time to stock up all the necessary components for the job. So, we need:
- wooden steps of the required width (experts advise making the depth of the step not less than 25 cm);
- a corner zinced for their fastening;
- self-tapping screws (40 mm);
- balusters, posts, handrails;
- bowstring - 2 pieces for 1 span;
- varnish or stain.
Such a kit will cost relatively inexpensively.
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Before the start of work, it is necessary to calculate the ladder: the number of steps, their dimensions, dimensions of the staircase. Be sure to focus on safety and convenience at this stage. To imagine what a ladder will look like, draw its simple blueprints.
Directly the process of manufacturing the ladder
The first stage will be making stairs of the stairs. The process is quite laborious. Since the cross-section of the ladder string is 60x300 mm, it will be difficult to manually cut it. To perform smooth cuts, use the guide bar, pressed against the intended line of the cut.
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At the end of the work, each ladder bowstring should be sanded and installed in place. And further we proceed to the marking of the steps. In accordance with the calculations and drawings made, we plan the location of the steps, without forgetting to use the level.
First, we do the markup on one string, then on the second. We check if the marks of the last upper step have converged. If everything is correctly marked, we mount the metal corners with the help of self-tapping screws and already install the steps on them, also fixing them with screws from below. At this the manufacture of steps for stairs made of wood is over.
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It remains to attach to our stairs balusters and handrails. The manufacture of handrails for stairs made of wood assumes, first, the correct arrangement of the balusters. This moment is very responsible and difficult, because you need to cut them all at the same angle first, and then set it at an equal distance. For sawing it is better to use a special machine for sawing a beam of small thickness with a given angle.
Now fasten the column to the floor with hardware. You can screw it to the string for extra reliability. Preliminarily in the column make a groove in which you insert the end of the string.
Often at this stage of manufacture and installation of stairs from wood, the question arises about the correct installation of balusters on the bowstring and the fastening of the handrail. To do this, you can use dowels, or from ordinary nails to cut the rods 5 mm in diameter and 8 cm in length.
In the bowstring, from both sides of the balusters and in the rail we drill the grooves with a slightly smaller diameter than the rod, mount the structure on the pins and fix it with screws.
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And the last stage of the assembly of the stairs is the installation of handrails. Attach their lower and upper ends to the posts. As the main load falls on these places, fix them reliably. This is our stairs head, it remains only to cover it with a protective coating.