The rupture (apoplexy) of the ovary is a violation of the integrity of the ovary tissue, which is accompanied by sharp pain and bleeding into the abdominal cavity.
In order to understand the causes of apoplexy, one should understand the course of the ovarian cycle. So, in the reproductive age in the ovaries in women grow follicles, inside of each of them an egg ripens, that is, thus the body prepares for pregnancy. With the beginning of each menstrual cycle, one dominant follicle grows, from which the egg subsequently leaves - ovulation occurs. At the site of the bursted follicle, a temporary formation occurs-a yellow body that secretes the hormones necessary to maintain the pregnancy.
With some diseases of the genitals (inflammation, polycystosis), dystrophic changes in ovarian tissue, there are violations of the process of ovulation. As a result, the blood vessels in the place of the ruptured follicle contract poorly, bleeding occurs and, as a consequence, apoplexy of the ovary.
Ovary rupture - causes
- pathological changes in blood vessels (sclerosis, varicose veins);
- inflammation of the ovary tissue;
- ovulation.
Risk factors that contribute to gaps:
- unusual physical activity, weight lifting;
- intensive sexual intercourse;
- injury.
Ovary rupture - symptoms
Signs of rupture of the ovary are directly related to the mechanisms of apoplexy development, namely:
1. Pain syndrome - in the middle of the cycle. A sharp, pulling pain in the lower abdomen, which is also projected into the rectum, waist, or umbilical region.
2. Bleeding into the abdominal cavity, which, as a rule, is accompanied by the following manifestations:
- lowering blood pressure;
- weakness, dizziness;
- chills, fever;
- single vomiting;
- increased heart rate.
Often the rupture of the ovary occurs during exercise or during sexual intercourse. However, this pathology can develop and quite unexpectedly in absolutely healthy women.
Ovarian rupture - treatment
As a rule, an emergency aid for ovarian rupture is an operation. If the situation permits, it is better to use the laparoscopy method and partial ovarian resection with preliminary washing and removal of the formed blood clots. These procedures are necessary in order to prevent the formation of inflammatory processes, adhesions and, as consequence, infertility.
If the hemorrhage is too massive, you have to complete the removal of the ovary. In any case, if a woman is in reproductive age, maximum efforts are made to preserve the ovary.
With a mild form of ovarian apoplexy (when bleeding is insignificant) conservative treatment is possible. However, experience shows that with such treatment, the probability of a recurrence-repeated rupture of the ovary is very high, since the clots of the bleeding blood are not washed out, as in the operation, but accumulate and provoke apoplexy. In addition, the consequences of conservative treatment may
Ovarian rupture - consequences
The consequences and prognosis after the ovarian rupture is affected depends on the form of the pathology that has arisen. With mild, painful form (pain as a leading symptom), hormonal and circulatory disturbances in the ovary are reversible, so the prognosis is quite favorable. In hemorrhagic form, accompanied by massive hemorrhage, the consequences depend on the timeliness of diagnosis and treatment. As a rule, long-term drug therapy follows the surgical intervention.