Spinal anesthesia

For carrying out operations in the lower part of the body, as well as facilitating severe labor , spinal anesthesia is usually used. This method of anesthesia is based on blocking the transmission of impulses at the level of the nerve roots, so this procedure is compatible only with those surgical interventions that are performed below the diaphragm.

Preparations for spinal anesthesia

The event has 2 varieties:

• subarachnoid;
• epidural.

Depending on the method and site of the injection, the appropriate medicine is selected. Of the many local anesthetics, the following are preferred:

• Tetracaine;
• Procaine;
• Bupivacaine;
• Lidocaine.

As a rule, the listed medicines provide effective, but not too long anesthesia. To enhance their properties and increase the duration of action, adjuvants - Fentanyl and Adrenaline - are used.

Consequences and complications after spinal anesthesia

The main negative phenomena in the reaction of the body to injection:

• total spinal muscular atrophy;
• a sharp drop in blood pressure;
• bradycardia ;
• severe back pain;
• nausea;
• neuropathy;
• post-puncture syndrome;
• spinal, epidural hematoma;
• transient neurological disorders.

In rare situations, there is an allergy, similar cases are associated with improper selection of a solution for anesthesia.

Headache after spinal anesthesia is considered quite a frequent phenomenon and one of the variants of the norm. This symptom gradually disappears 4-5 hours after the injection.

Contraindications to spinal anesthesia

There are absolute and relative reasons why this method is unacceptable.

The first group includes the following:

• coagulopathy;
• infection of the dermis in the injection zone;
• increased intracranial pressure;
• categorical refusal of the patient;
• taking anticoagulants in the previous 12 hours;
• increased heart rate.

Relative contraindications:

• anomalies in the development of the spinal column;
• emotional and psychological instability;
• heart disease with a fixed ejection;
• the use of disaggregants and heparin;
• aorto-caval compression;
• mental illness;
• hypovolemia;
• risk of internal bleeding;
• vagotonia;
• syndrome of weakness of the sinus node;
• infection in the periphery of the injection;
• AV-Blockade;
• syncopal condition;
• distress syndrome, malformation of the fetus.