Young parents, and even crumbs, can strongly scare the blood from the nose of the child - the causes of this problem are very diverse. In addition, it can be disposable or multiple. In some cases, this problem is a sign of a serious pathology and even provides for immediate hospitalization.
Why does the child have blood from the nose?
There are many factors provoking the occurrence of this problem. If the child is bleeding from the nose, the reasons for this phenomenon may be local or general. The first group of provocateurs include the following factors:
- trauma;
- neoplasms in the cavity (polyps, ulcers, adenoids , granuloma);
- presence of a foreign body (parasites, mites or small objects);
- damage to the mucous (nail, pencil, match or something else);
- curvature of the septum ;
- mucosal dystrophy.
Nasal bleeding in children can be caused by increased fragility of blood vessels, which is provoked by:
- infectious diseases accompanied by fever (these include rubella, whooping cough, meningitis, scarlet fever, tuberculosis and other ailments);
- an inflammatory process that is non-infectious in nature, such as vasculitis ;
- lack of vitamins C and K, as well as calcium;
- hereditary pathology, which manifests itself underdevelopment of blood vessels.
In addition, the blood from the nose in the child's cause can have caused by hemorrhagic diseases. More often such problem provoke following phenomena and diseases:
- poor blood clotting ;
- leukemia;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- decreased platelet count in the blood;
- a decrease in the white blood cell count.
Blood from the nose in a child can be caused by the following reasons:
- nervous disorders;
- a strong cough;
- changes in the hormonal background;
- solar or thermal shock;
- regular intake of certain medications (antihistamines or vasoconstrictors);
- chronic intoxication caused by vapors, aerosols and gases.
Blood from the nose in the child at night - causes
More often this problem is provoked by excessive dryness of the mucous membrane. Normally, this area is moistened with a secret secreted by goblet cells. However, such mucus may dry out, which contributes to the increase in the fragility of the vessels. This situation is provoked by various reasons. That's why the child has blood from the nose at night:
- The room in which the crumb sleeps is not ventilated;
- The baby's bed is located near the battery;
- the child is given little to drink liquids;
- abuse of vasoconstrictor drugs.
The child often has blood from the nose - causes
This problem is provoked by a jump in blood pressure. If the child often has blood from the nose, the reasons for this are:
- excessive physical activity;
- excess of vitamin D;
- problems in the endocrine system;
- kidney pathology;
- heart diseases.
Signs of nosebleeds
Epistaxis in children does not pass asymptomatically. Nasal bleeding in mild form is often accompanied by such signs:
- The child is thirsty.
- The baby appears dizzy (especially impressionable children, even when the scarlet color becomes bad).
- The child pales and complains of general weakness and strong palpitations.
- A crumb can be overwhelmed by noise in the ears.
When a child has blood from the nose (the average severity of the pathology), this is often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- tachycardia;
- shortness of breath;
- decreased blood pressure;
- cyanotic skin;
- dizziness.
Severe bleeding can lead to hemorrhagic shock. The child has low blood pressure. The pulse of a small patient is threadlike. In addition, the baby can even lose consciousness. Manifestation of all these symptoms is an occasion to sound an alarm. All this indicates serious health problems in the child. The kid needs medical help: you can not hesitate, because dangerous complications can arise.
First aid for nasal bleeding
Faced with this problem, the main thing is not to panic. Parents need to calm down as much as possible. And it's important to distract the crumb. Emergency care for nosebleeds should be provided without delay. In this case, parents need to act skillfully. Improperly rendered help can cause serious harm to the baby. If bleeding is not possible:
- tilt the child's head back;
- to clean the pillow;
- self-extract foreign objects from the nasal cavities;
- blow your nose, as the clot will shift and again the blood will go;
- legs to raise above the level of the head.
First aid for nasal bleeding
To ease the condition of the crumb, you need to unbutton the baby's clothes. You should teach him how to breathe properly: he should breathe in with his nose and exhale with his mouth. Knowing how to stop the blood from the nose in a child, parents in most cases easily cope with this problem. However, there are also situations when medical care can not be avoided. It is necessary to call an ambulance if:
- the baby suffers from diabetes;
- bleeding does not stop more than 15 minutes;
- increased blood pressure;
- the blood goes frothy;
- the baby fainted;
- the child suffers from clotting problems;
- the baby takes Ibuprofen, Heparin or thinners.
Nasal bleeding - first aid
Faced with this problem, it is important for young parents not to get lost.
Here's how to stop nasal bleeding:
- It is necessary to put a cold compress on the bridge of the crumbs.
- The feet of the child must be warm.
- It is necessary to make a cotton swab (it needs to be moistened with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide).
After the bleeding is stopped, you can not immediately pull out the drug pack. Otherwise, relapse is inevitable. In addition, twice a day the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity of the baby should be lubricated with petroleum jelly by any Bacitracin. This will protect it from drying out and will speed up the healing process. Such procedures should be carried out at least 7-10 days.
Prevention of nasal bleeding in children
The problem is easier to prevent than to fight it. Although the blood from the nose in the child causes different reasons, they can all be controlled. The pediatrician will help in this: he knows what provokes the occurrence of such a problem. In addition, the doctor will tell the parents if there is blood from the nose in the child - what to do. The general preventive measures include:
- Revision of the baby's diet - the food in the crumb should be full and varied.
- Regularly it is necessary to ventilate the room and carry out a wet cleaning.
- To strengthen the walls of blood vessels it is necessary to give the child "Ascorutin".
- Prevent the drying of the mucous will help the drops with a moisturizing effect.