Complication of various diseases of the digestive system is a violation of the movement of the contents of the gastrointestinal tract to the anus. To eliminate the problem it is necessary to find out not only the cause that provoked the intestinal obstruction - the symptoms and treatment of this condition depend on the form of pathology.
According to the generally accepted medical classification, high and low, partial and complete, mechanical and dynamic intestinal obstruction are distinguished. In this case, the complication can be acquired or congenital, proceed in acute and chronic form.
Symptoms of small and large intestine obstruction, its treatment
The occlusion of the contents of the digestive tract of the small intestine is called high obstruction. Characteristic features:
- flatulence ;
- aversion to any food;
- severe vomiting;
- pain in the epigastric zone;
- anxiety;
- dehydration of the body.
When there is a pathology in the large intestine, low obstruction, the specific symptoms are:
- acute pain syndrome in the lower abdomen, paroxysmal;
- prolonged stool delay;
- absence of gases during flatulence;
- asymmetry and visible bloating;
- headache.
Therapy of any form of the described problem consists in emergency hospitalization of the victim in the surgical department. Any treatment should be observed under the supervision of a physician.
The detailed therapeutic scheme depends on what type of occlusion of the digestive tract develops-mechanical or dynamic.
Treatment and symptoms of partial and complete intestinal obstruction
Usually the partial form of the disease occurs against the background of adhesive processes in the lumen of the intestine. Clinical manifestations:
- periodic retention of gases and stools;
- low-intensity pain in the abdomen;
- bloating;
- the subsequent excretion of feces in the form of profuse stinking diarrhea.
Similar exacerbations can be observed for dozens of years, followed by periods of remission.
The main danger of partial obstruction is that it can go into complete blockage due to deterioration in intestinal wall nutrition. Then the signs described in the previous section will take place.
These forms of pathology are also subject to inpatient treatment in surgery. As a rule, a fairly conservative approach, but any drugs are prescribed only by a doctor.
Characteristic symptoms of dynamic and mechanical intestinal obstruction
Functional or dynamic variety of the disease develops due to violations of the motor abilities of the intestinal wall. In such cases, the tone of the myocytes is either increased or decreased. Symptoms:
- nausea and profuse vomiting;
- prolonged constipation;
- pain and bloating;
- lack of appetite.
Mechanical obstruction is the occlusion of the intestinal tube on one of its sections - the overlap of the lumen of the intestine by some object, for example, a tumor, helminths, gallstones, foreign body. The signs of this form of the disease are identical to the dynamic obstruction.
If a mechanical type of intestinal obstruction is detected together with peritonitis, surgical intervention is immediately prescribed.
In other situations intensive conservative therapy is carried out, which includes the following measures:
- removal of intestinal contents with a probe;
- relief of pain and spasms;
- purification of the bowels by enema;
- restoration of electrolyte and water balance;
- normalization of hemodynamics and peristalsis;
- elimination of toxins;
- elimination of pathogens.
Is it possible to treat intestinal obstruction with folk remedies?
Considering the high danger of the examined pathological condition, it is strictly forbidden to try to get rid of the obstruction yourself, including the use of prescriptions of alternative medicine.
Treatment for intestinal obstruction should be performed only by a surgeon in a hospital hospital.