The polyp of the cervical canal is a benign neoplasm that develops in the gap between the uterus and the vagina of a woman. It is a tumor that grows from the canal wall into its lumen. Such polyps can be both single and multiple (this phenomenon is called polyposis of the cervical canal).
In addition, depending on the quantitative ratio of tumor tissue components, glandular, fibrous, glandular fibrous, adenomatous and angiomatous types of cervical canal polyps are distinguished. This indicator and, accordingly, the type of polyp is important for the diagnosis of the disease.
Causes of polyp of the cervical canal
Like polyps located elsewhere in the reproductive system, polyps of the cervical canal can occur in women due to hormonal changes in the body, as well as inflammation of the urogenital system, chronic diseases or mechanical injuries of the cervical canal itself during histological research, abortion, during childbirth, etc. Often polyps occur in women over 40 years old on the background of a beginning menopause, when the level of hormones is unstable.
A woman may not even suspect the presence of this disease until she finds her first signs.
Symptoms of the cervical canal polyp
Small single polyps can not be manifested at all. However, as it grows, the polyp can be covered with ulcers that bleed (so-called ulceration). This provokes a woman's bloody discharge from the vagina after sexual intercourse, as well as smearing discharge in the period between menstruation, which should not normally be. In advanced cases, the polyp of the cervical canal or cervix can cause even uterine bleeding.
Often, in the presence of polyps in the area of the uterus, a woman can not become pregnant for a long time. Infertility is a concomitant phenomenon of this disease, but not by its symptom, as many people mistakenly believe. Just the cause of infertility, and the appearance of polyps can be the same, and most often it's hormonal disorders. Also polyps can be combined with other female diseases, such as endometriosis, ovarian cysts, cervical erosion, as well as sexual infections (candidiasis, gardnerellez, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis, genital herpes, chlamydia and others).
Treatment of polyps of the cervical canal
Any polyps found in the cervical canal are subject to mandatory removal. The reason for such categorical doctors in this matter is that any benign education can develop into a malignant one, which, as you understand, is very dangerous. Remove polyps by scraping, completely removing both the body and the leg of the polyp, and its bed is processed by cryodestruction (liquid nitrogen). The removed tumor is sent for laboratory examination, including biopsy, and depending on its results, the patient may additionally be prescribed antibacterial or hormone therapy after the operation.
In pregnancy, the polyps are removed only when the risk of complications exceeds the risk to the mother and fetus: for example, if the polyp exceeds 10 mm, or if it is multiple polyps, and they grow rapidly and cause bleeding. In this case, the neoplasm is best removed so that it does not increase the risk of miscarriage or premature birth, complications of pregnancy and especially labor.
However, on the site of a remote polyp or next to it, others may arise. This phenomenon is called the recurrent polyp of the cervical canal. Polyposis, which recurs, in medical practice is an indication for scraping the cervix or, in extreme cases, a cone-shaped amputation of the cervix.