Visual assessment is very subjective: we seem to ourselves more fully than we really are, and people who love us on the contrary try to embellish. Unbiased to determine the degree of obesity will help a special coefficient - the so-called body mass index (hereinafter BMI). Calculate it is very simple, you just need to equip yourself with weights, a centimeter tape and a calculator.
BMI is equal to the quotient of the body weight taken in kg, per square of the growth rate taken in meters. Let's say your height is 1.63 m, and your weight is 59 kg. In this case, BMI = 59 / (1.63 × 1.63) = 22.20. This means that your weight is completely normal (BMI in the range 20 - 25).
If the obtained ratio is between 25 and 30 units, you should take a closer look at your diet and lifestyle. Such a BMI is not yet talking about obesity, but warns: body weight has already "jumped" above the norm.
BMI, equal to 30-35, indicates the 1 stage of obesity: the actual mass exceeds the ideal weight by 1-29%. With BMI 35-40, 2 degrees of obesity is established, when the body weight differs from the ideal body by more than 30-49%. Obesity of the third degree increases the ideal weight by 50-99%, and the body mass index is more than 40 units.
Methods of treatment
Effective treatment of obesity provides for a special diet and exercise. There are also medicines that reduce appetite and speed up the metabolism, but it is impossible to buy them without a prescription. A doctor will prescribe these funds only if prolonged diet therapy and systematic exercise under his supervision have not produced a result. So, first you have to work hard, but without fanaticism.
It is important to remember that in any case, the body is contraindicated with stress and overload: one day you can not completely abandon food and "go on a hunger strike" in the name of beauty. It can cause serious problems with digestion. Strong loads with unaccustomedness will not give a positive effect, but only a terrible shaking or stretching of the muscles. To a diet and sports it is necessary to go smoothly, every day reducing the number of calories and increasing the load.
What to eat?
When dietotherapy should be excluded from the diet easily digestible food, rich in carbohydrates - air cakes, cream cakes, chocolates, sweets and other favorite sweets. Replace them with foods rich in vitamins, fiber and biologically active ingredients: vegetables, fruits, nuts, herbs, whole grains. But we can not refuse milk, eggs and meat - we owe extra pounds to carbohydrates and cakes, not squamous proteins.
Diet for obesity of 1 and 2 degrees should provide for a daily diet, containing:
- 70-90 g of proteins;
- 100-200 g of carbohydrates;
- 65-75 grams of fat.
Diet for obesity of the third degree is more severe:
- 60-70 g - proteins;
- 100 g - carbohydrates;
- 50-60 g - fats.
Radical methods
Unfortunately, treatment with diet and exercise is good only for obesity 1 and 2 degrees. When BMI "jumped" above 40, such methods are ineffective, however, like drugs. For such severe forms, there is a surgical treatment: the stomach is "sutured", that is, reduced in size. After the operation, the patient can no longer eat in the previous volumes, and the body weight gradually begins to decrease. This treatment is prescribed only at 3 degrees of obesity, the operations are carried out without a cut (puncture by a laser beam).