How is the material taken?
Sterile cotton swab, during the preventive examination the doctor takes swabs from the cervix, vagina and urethra. Thus, doctors can conduct a comprehensive assessment of the state of the genitourinary system of women.
How is the smear analysis performed on the purity of the vagina?
It is worth noting that such a doctor should be engaged exclusively. Only he is able to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the result.
It is generally accepted to allocate 4 degrees:
- the first - is noted in healthy women. The smear contains more than 95% of lactobacilli, leukocytes are single or completely absent, there may be a small number of epithelial cells, the medium is acidic;
- the second - is characterized by the appearance in a smear in a small number of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, the number of leukocytes increases, the medium is acidic. Can be considered as a variant of the norm;
- third degree - strong growth of pathogenic microflora, the number of lactobacilli decreases, the medium shifts to the alkaline side;
- the fourth - a lot of epithelial cells, leukocytes, pathogenic microorganisms. Determination of the type of pathogen allows you to assign the necessary course of therapy.
It is worth noting that during pregnancy the number of lactobacilli decreases, and this entails a decrease in the natural protection of the reproductive system and is fraught with the development of sexual infections. That is why the analysis of the degree of purity is an integral diagnostic procedure during this period.
In addition to lactobacilli, a single presence of such conditionally pathogenic microorganisms as fungi of candida, gardnerella is permissible in the smear. With a decrease in the body's defenses, which is not uncommon with stress, emotional stress, pregnancy, their active growth occurs. As a result, develop dysbiosis, thrush, gardnerellez.
Thus, in order to conduct a transcript of the gynecological smear on the degree of purity, it is sufficient to use the table, where the main diagnostic indices and their values are visually represented.