Darwin's theory - evidence and refutation of the theory of the origin of man

In 1859 the work of the English naturalist Charles Darwin was published - The Origin of Species. Since then, evolutionary theory has been key in explaining the laws of the development of the organic world. She is taught in schools in biology classes, and even some churches have recognized her worth.

What is Darwin's theory?

Darwin's theory of evolution is the concept that all organisms originate from a common ancestor. It emphasizes the naturalistic origin of life with change. Complex beings evolve from simpler beings, this takes time. In the genetic code of the organism random mutations occur, the useful ones remain, helping to survive. Over time, they accumulate, and the result is a different kind, not just a variation of the original, but an entirely new being.

Basic theses of Darwin's theory

Darwin's theory of the origin of man is included in the overall evolutionary development of living nature. Darwin believed that Homo Sapiens originated from a lower form of life and has a common ancestor with a monkey. The same laws led to his appearance, thanks to which other organisms appeared. The evolutionary concept is based on the following principles:

  1. Overproduction . Species populations remain stable, because a small part of the progeny survives and multiplies.
  2. The struggle for survival . Children of each generation must compete to survive.
  3. Adaptation . Adaptation is an inherited trait that increases the probability of survival and reproduction in a particular environment.
  4. Natural selection . The environment "chooses" living organisms with more appropriate traits. The offspring inherit the best, and the species is improved for a specific habitat.
  5. Speciation . For generations, useful mutations have progressively increased, and the bad ones have disappeared. Over time, the accumulated changes become so large that the result is a new look.

Darwin's theory is truth or fiction?

The evolutionary theory of Darwin - the subject of numerous disputes for many centuries. On the one hand, scientists can tell what the ancient whales were, but on the other - they lack fossil evidence. Creationists (adherents of the divine origin of the world) perceive this as evidence that there was no evolution. They scoff at the idea that there was ever a land whale.

Ambulocetus

Evidence of Darwin's theory

To the delight of the Darwinists, in 1994 paleontologists found the fossil remains of ambulocetus, a walking whale. Webbed forelegs helped him to move overland, and powerful rear and tail - deftly swim. In recent years, more and more remains of transitional species, the so-called "missing links", have been found. Thus, Charles Darwin's theory of the origin of man was reinforced by the discovery of the remains of Pithecanthropus, an intermediate species between the monkey and man. Apart from paleontological there are other evidences of evolutionary theory:

  1. Morphological - according to the Darwinian theory, each new organism is not created by nature from scratch, everything comes from a common ancestor. For example, the similar structure of mole feet and bat wings is not explained in terms of utility, they probably received it from a common ancestor. One can also include five-fingered limbs, a similar oral structure in different insects, atavisms, rudiments (organs that have lost their value in the process of evolution).
  2. Embryological - all vertebrates have a great similarity in embryos. A human cub, who has been in the womb for one month, has gill sacks. This indicates that the ancestors were water inhabitants.
  3. Molecular-genetic and biochemical - the unity of life at the level of biochemistry. If all the organisms did not originate from the same ancestor, they would have their own genetic code, but the DNA of all the creatures consists of 4 nucleotides, and they are more than 100 in nature.

The refutation of Darwin's theory

Darwin's theory is unprovable - only this point is enough for critics to question all its validity. No one has ever observed a macroevolution - I have not seen one species transform into another. And anyway, when at least one monkey will already turn into a human being? This question is asked by all who doubt Darwin's arguments.

Facts refuting the theory of Darwin:

  1. Studies have shown that the planet Earth is about 20-30 thousand years old. This has recently been said by many geologists studying the amount of cosmic dust on our planet, the age of rivers and mountains. Evolution by Darwin took billions of years.
  2. A person has 46 chromosomes, and a monkey has 48. This does not fit into the idea that man and monkey had a common ancestor. Having "lost" the chromosomes on the way from the monkey, the species could not evolve into a reasonable one. Over the past few thousand years, not one whale has not landed, and not one monkey has become a human being.
  3. Natural beauty, to which, for example, anti-Darwinists attribute a peacock tail, has nothing to do with utility. There would be an evolution - the world would be inhabited by monsters.

Theory of Darwin and modern science

Darwin's evolutionary theory came to light when scientists still did not know anything about genes. Darwin observed the pattern of evolution, but did not know about the mechanism. At the beginning of the 20th century, genetics began to develop - they open chromosomes and genes, later they decode the DNA molecule. For some scientists, Darwin's theory has been disproved - the structure of organisms turned out to be more complex, and the number of chromosomes in humans and monkeys is different.

But supporters of Darwinism say that Darwin never said that a man came from a monkey - they have a common ancestor. The discovery of genes for Darwinists gave impetus to the development of the synthetic theory of evolution (the inclusion of genetics in Darwin's theory). The physical and behavioral changes that make natural selection possible occur at the level of DNA and genes. Such changes are called mutations. Mutations are raw materials on which evolution works.

Theory of Darwin - interesting facts

The theory of the evolution of Charles Darwin is the work of a man who, having abandoned the profession of a doctor because of fear of blood , went to study theology. A few more interesting facts:

  1. The phrase "the strongest survives" belongs to the contemporary and like-minded Darwin-Herbert Spencer.
  2. Charles Darwin not only studied exotic species of animals, but also dined with them.
  3. The Anglican Church officially apologized to the author of the theory of evolution, though 126 years after his death.

Theory of Darwin and Christianity

At first glance, the essence of Darwin's theory contradicts the divine universe. At one time, the religious environment took hostile new ideas. Darwin himself in the process of work ceased to be a believer. But now many representatives of Christianity have come to the conclusion that there can be real reconciliation - there are those who have religious beliefs and do not deny evolution. Catholic and Anglican churches adopted the theory of Darwin, explaining that God as the creator gave impetus to the beginning of life, and then it developed in a natural way. The Orthodox wing is still unfriendly to the Darwinists.