Filters for water treatment - how to determine the type of filter?

Modern filters for water purification are designed to improve its quality. The choice of the device depends on the type of system, the levels of purification and the types of impurities that can be eliminated using a specific model - mechanical suspensions, metals, hardness salts, bacteria.

Which filter for water is better?

Systems for water purification are designed different:

• filtration jugs;
• screwing on the tap;
• sorption filter for water under the sink;
• reverse osmosis design.

The priority task of the devices is the additional purification of the supplied water to the drinking state, that is, disposal of chlorine, chlorine-organic constituents and heavy metals, softening and disinfection of water taken from the tap or from the well. All varieties of filter systems have their pros and cons, which it is desirable to know for making an unmistakable purchase.

Coarse water filter

The mechanical filter of coarse water purification is set to get rid of:

• rust;
• particles of clay and sand;
• chemical constituents;
• microorganisms.

The filter for drinking water of mechanical purification is actual as a primary barrier, it prepares liquid for final filtration by other units. Similar designs cut into the main water conduit, consist of a body and a mesh of metal that retains unwanted impurities. Three types of machining filters are available:

1. Mesh - the flow rate is high, the replacement of the strainer every 10 years.
2. Column - large dimensions and speed, the regeneration process is automated.
3. Cartridge - low speed, small, budget.

Water softener filter

Softeners are filters for cleaning hard water, designed to dissolve hardness salts - the culprits for the appearance of scale. Such treatment is required to use liquid for drinking, cooking and ensuring the proper operation of boilers, kettles, dishwashers and washing machines. As loading in similar devices the ion-exchange resin is placed. A stiff substance seeps through it and softens. There are three ion-exchange structures:

1. The main ion-exchange filter for hard water. It is built into the water conduit and attracts increased productivity.
2. Ion-exchange filters are flasks filled with crystals. They are installed in front of dishwashers and washing machines.
3. Ion-exchange filters with removable cartridges. A cassette is built into the flasks, it is easy to change.

Water deironing filter

When purifying the liquid from iron, metal molecules are removed from it. The content of such impurities above the norm harms the technology and is unsafe for human health. The only way to deal with rusty water is to install a water filter in the kitchen and in the bathroom. As a filler in it add chemical fillers. It can be a modified alumoxylate, which catalyzes the oxidation reaction of the manganese and iron in water with oxygen.

After passing through the filter material, the impurities settle on the filter inlet. Periodically, it is self-cleaning by washing in the opposite direction. De-ironing filters for water purification serve for a long time, but are not cheap. The liquid after such treatment is more suitable for drinking and use in heating systems, columns and boilers.

Flow-through filter for water

The main flow filter for water is built into the water conduit system. It represents 3-5 flasks with cleaning cassettes designed in a single unit. Multilevel filtering eliminates mechanical impurities and hazardous substances. To get quality water you need to install a system with at least three stages of purification. Expensive models are supplied with reverse osmosis (for filtration) and mineralizers (for enrichment with useful elements).

Advantages of such a system of purification:

• excellent performance;
• increased degree of purification.

Filter for hot water

As a material from which filters are made for cleaning hot water, metal or plastic is used, which can withstand high temperatures. Devices produce three types:

1. Cartridge. Represents a flask with a replaceable cassette - threaded (requires replacement) or mesh (can be cleaned).
2. Washable. Has a mesh, if necessary, cleaning it must open the flushing valve - water will go in the opposite direction, washing away the dirt from the strainer.
3. Automated. Do not require intervention, auto wash is started automatically.

In addition to mechanical cleaning, the domestic hot water filter is able to remove chemical impurities from it. It all depends on the type of cartridge: products marked with BA remove excess iron, BS - soften the liquid. As a rule, such devices are installed in the main line at the entrance to the house or apartment. When installing, you need to provide easy access to the device to replace the consumables.

Filters for water purification from the well

For water purification from wells, different filters are used, each of which fulfills its task:

1. A reverse osmosis filter, removes salts, iron, nitrates.
2. The softener, working on the principle of ion exchange, removes hardness salts.
3. Iron remover, filtering backfill removes iron and manganese.
4. Carbon filters, remove chlorine, hydrogen sulphide.
5. UV filters, destroy bacteria and harmful microorganisms.

If you choose a water filter for your home, where water is extracted from the well, then at least you need to buy a deferrizer and a softener. Ideally, a better complete water treatment system should be installed, including all types of devices listed above. They will help to solve several problems in a complex way, as a result of which you can get clean, suitable for cooking and drinking water.

How to choose a water filter?

To buy a filter, you first need to find out the problems with which he will have to fight. For this, water is handed over for examination, which will determine the substances exceeding the norm in it. If it turns out that the iron is running high in the liquid - it will be necessary to install a deferrizer. A complex stationary cleaning system (a flow-through filter for water in the apartment or a device with reverse osmosis) will help remove chlorine, hardness salts, organics, which are often present in a centralized water conduit.

Filter for water with reverse osmosis

Modern filters for purification of drinking water with reverse osmosis are considered very effective. They are equipped with several types of cartridges:

• prefilters;
• reverse osmosis membrane;
• postfilters.

Initially, water flows through the prefilter and gets rid of chlorine, mechanical impurities, organic substances. After the membrane comes into operation, it has micropores and only transmits water molecules, retaining all the impurities on itself. After they are automatically washed into the sewer. Postfilters enrich the water with microelements and make it taste pleasant. What to look for when buying:

1. Number of stages of filtration (from 3 to 9).
2. The presence of additional elements (UV lamp, mineralizer, bioceramic activator).
3. Material and number of stages of prefilters (polypropylene, activated carbon - 2,3 steps).

Carbon Filter for Water

Cartridges for cleaning the liquid with activated carbon can simultaneously remove mechanical suspensions, sand, neutralize chlorine, bacteria. Sorption filters for water purification in a private home are often made in the form of a plastic bulb. Inside it is placed a drive with activated charcoal. Depending on the design, the coal filters are divided into:

1. Cartridge. They are small and inexpensive, they require replacement of a cassette with a filler.
2. Filters of column type. Regeneration of the material is automatic, the service life of the filler is up to 2 years.
3. Cabinet devices. High-performance, take up a lot of space.

Magnetic filter for water

Recently, a magnetic filter for fine water purification has become popular. It is mounted in front of the heating device and retains salts in the liquid, preventing them from falling out of scale in the technique. It looks like a magnetic filter like a piece of pipe with a thread, mounted in a water pipe. It acts on the water with a magnetic field, it is decontaminated and deprived of microbes and metal oxides. Its mesh component should be periodically washed. When choosing a magnetic filter, the following should be considered:

1. The length of the aqueduct, the standard model is sufficient for 1000 m of pipes.
2. More simple for the user is a magnetic converter with a generator. Next to it there must be an electrical outlet.

Water jug ​​filter

Compact filter jugs are among the simplest and cheapest devices for cleaning water from impurities. They are relevant for processing a small amount of liquid in a volume of 1.5-4 liters. Often, the filtering part of the cassette is an adsorbing coal mixture. The cassette in the jug changes every 2 months. Buying a jar filter for water - which is better, what to look for:

1. The volume of the jug. For 1-2 people there is enough capacity for 1.5-2 liters, for a large family - for 4 liters.
2. It is better to buy a product with a cassette resource indicator. At the right time, it will remind you of the need to update the cartridge.
3. For the purification of water, cassettes with a coal mixture are obtained. For mineralization - cassettes containing useful trace elements.

Membrane filter for water

Effective membrane filters for water to the apartment perform the most complete purification of the liquid, available at the household level. The device consists of the following components:

1. Pre-cleaning cartridges, relieve water from sand, rust, litter, chlorine.
2. Membrane. It divides the flow into purified water and dirty, which is washed off into the drainage. It neutralizes salts of hardness, organic, heavy metals.
3. The accumulator, accumulates water in the volume necessary for use.
4. Carbon cartridge, eliminates flavors and odors.
5. Mineralizer, saturates the water with useful elements.

When choosing a membrane filter, fixed under the sink, it is important to pay attention to the volume of the storage tank. It helps the layman not to wait for the required amount of water to be cleaned, and immediately take it in its finished form from the reservoir. Optimum capacity for domestic needs - from 5 to 12 liters. Also important is the resource of the membrane filter - it is better to purchase models with the ability to process 3000-6000 liters of liquid without recharging.

Rating of water filters

When deciding which water purification filter to choose, it is worth paying attention to the proven manufacturers. Among them, we can distinguish such brands:

1. Aquaphor. The Russian brand, produces all types of filters, there are proposals for any budget. For jugs, cassettes are easy to buy even in supermarkets. Flow-through filters use the Aqualin-polypropylene cleaner, patented by this trademark. Reverse osmosis systems are of good quality, consumables are available at an affordable price.
2. Barrier. Has a wide range - jugs, flow, desktop systems, reverse osmosis filters. For flow systems, it is easy to select the right cassette - with a high iron Ferrostop, with a hardness above the norm - softening. In models with reverse osmosis, the bulbs are in a stylish translucent casing.
3. Aqualine. Taiwanese brand, specializes in flow systems and reverse osmosis filters. Accessories have excellent quality, while the products are inexpensive. Feature of the brand - the first flask is made of transparent plastic.