Burn is tissue damage due to exposure to high temperature or due to the interaction of the skin or mucous membrane with aggressive chemicals (acid, alkali, heavy metal salts, etc.).
In medicine, there are 4 degrees of burn:
- at 1 degree, only the redness of the skin occurs;
- at the 2nd degree, bubbles form;
- at 3 degrees, necrosis of all layers of the dermis occurs;
- at 4 degrees, charring of tissues occurs.
How to treat a burn in the mouth, larynx and esophagus?
In these places, as a rule, chemical burns occur. This can happen because of the occasional ingestion of chemicals that corrode tissues or as a result of radiation therapy.
First of all, it is necessary to induce vomiting, if the liquid has got into the stomach in large quantities. Then drink a few glasses of water to reduce the concentration of the substance. After that, you can begin to burn.
If a chemical burn occurs and the name of the substance is known, then neutralizing agents are used and they process the damaged area:
- Acids are neutralized with soapy water or ammonia (5 drops per glass of water).
- Alkalis - solutions of acetic acid (3 tsp to a glass of water) and citric acid (0.5%).
- Silver nitrate is Lugol's solution.
- Phenol - ethyl alcohol 50% and oil.
How and how to treat a burn of the throat, larynx and esophagus? With a chemical burn, the throat is washed with cold water, and then a neutralizer is used. With a thermal burn, take a few spoons of olive or castor oil in small sips. At home, use egg white and water: they are mixed in equal proportions and drink.
Another good remedy for internal burns is sea buckthorn oil.
With a large-scale burn, severe pain appears, but the point is that taking analgesics inside (without a capsule) can aggravate the situation, because they are not designed for a damaged mucous membrane. Proceeding from this, proceed as follows: if the pain is tolerable, then abstain from taking medication, if it is very pronounced, then use the medicine intramuscularly, and only in extreme cases resort to taking the analgesic in a capsule that must dissolve in the intestine.
Hospitalization with a burn of the esophagus occurs only in the event that a deep damage has occurred.
How to treat a tongue and palate burn?
If the organs of the oral cavity are damaged, then with a chemical burn rinse the mouth with water, then with a neutralizer, and after that lubricate the painful patch with oil. It is better if the patient can keep the oil in his mouth until it is diluted with saliva, and then keep it in his mouth, and so do for the first 10 minutes.
To further the tissue recovered more quickly, you can use panthenol ointment, which accelerates regeneration: this remedy can be applied to the mucous membrane 3 times a day.
What is better for treating face and eye burns?
In this case, the most vulnerable place on the face is the eyes, since during a chemical burn the substances penetrate very quickly into the tissue and cause irreversible effects within 15 minutes.
How to treat eye burn? First of all, call an ambulance and rinse your eyes with water, opening them wide or twisting your eyelids. Then you need to take steps to prevent the development of infection. To do this, drops of 0.02% solution of furacilin are used. Doctors can hospitalize the patient if they install a burn 2, 3, 4 degrees.
Than to treat a burn on the face? If the burn occurred no more than 5 minutes ago, then the oil is applied to the skin and sprinkled with soda on top to avoid the appearance of blisters (with a thermal burn).
Burn of extremities
How to treat a burn on the leg and arm? Also, as with a burn of the skin of the face, first of all the damage is smeared with oil and sprinkled with soda. Chemical burns are washed and treated with a neutralizer (if not, call an ambulance). After that, the skin is lubricated with oil or ointment with panthenol. Effective treatment for burns of the first degree is provided by the salve of the rescuer.