Standard or passive model of training has been used in educational institutions for a long time. The widest example of this technique is a lecture. And although this method of teaching has been and remains one of the most common, interactive training is gradually becoming more relevant.
What is interactive learning?
Methods of education in preschool institutions, schools, universities are divided into two large groups - passive and active. A passive model involves the transfer of knowledge from the teacher to the student through a lecture and study of the material in the textbook. Knowledge testing is carried out through questioning, testing, control and other verification works. The main drawbacks of the passive method are:
- weak feedback from students;
- a low degree of personalization - students are perceived not by individuals, but by a group;
- lack of creative tasks that require more complex evaluation.
Active methods of teaching stimulate cognitive activity and creative abilities of students. The student in this case is an active participant in the learning process, but he interacts mostly only with the teacher. Active methods are very important for the development of independence, self-education, but they practically do not teach to work in a group.
Interactive training is one of the varieties of an active teaching method. Interaction with interactive learning is not only carried out between the teacher and the student, in this case all trainees contact and work together (or in groups). Interactive methods of learning are always interaction, cooperation, search, dialogue, the game between people or people and the information environment. Using active and interactive methods of teaching at the lessons, the teacher increases the amount of material learned by the students to 90 percent.
Interactive learning tools
The use of interactive teaching methods began with ordinary visual aids, posters, maps, models, etc. Today, modern technologies of interactive learning include the latest equipment:
- interactive whiteboards ;
- tablets;
- computer simulators;
- virtual models;
- plasma panels;
- projectors ;
- laptops, etc.
Interactivity in teaching helps to solve the following tasks:
- leaving presentation presentation of the material to interactive interaction with the inclusion of motility;
- saving time by not having to draw diagrams, formulas and diagrams on the board;
- Increase the efficiency of filing of the studied material, because interactive learning tools involve various sensory systems of the student;
- ease of organization of group work or games, full involvement of the audience;
- establishing a deeper contact between pupils and the teacher, improving the climate within the team.
Interactive learning methods
Interactive methods of teaching - games, discussions, staging, trainings, training, etc. - require the teacher to use special techniques. There are many of these techniques, and different methods are often used at different stages of the session:
- for inclusion in the process they use "brainstorming", discussing and playing out the situation;
- during the main part of the lesson use clusters, active reading, discussions, advanced lectures, business games;
- for reception of a feedback such receptions as "the unfinished offer", an essay, a fairy tale, a mini-composition are necessary.
Psychological and pedagogical conditions of interactive learning
The task of the educational institution for successful learning is to provide conditions for the individual to achieve maximum success. Psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of interactive learning include:
- readiness of trainees for this type of training, availability of necessary knowledge and skills;
- favorable psychological climate in the classroom, the desire to help each other;
- promotion of initiative;
- individual approach to each student;
- availability of all necessary training facilities.
Classification of interactive teaching methods
Interactive teaching technologies are divided into individual and group. Individuals include training and performing practical tasks. Group interactive methods are divided into 3 subgroups:
- debatable discussions, debates, brainstorming, case studies, situation analysis, project development;
- game - business, story-role, didactic and other games, interviews, playing situations, staging;
- training methods - psychotechnical games, all kinds of trainings.
Interactive forms and methods of teaching
Selecting interactive forms of training for conducting classes, the teacher should take into account the conformity of the method:
- theme, goals and objectives of training;
- peculiarities of the group, age and intellectual abilities of the listeners;
- timeframe for the lesson;
- experience of the teacher;
- the logic of the learning process.
Interactive teaching in kindergarten
Interactive technologies and methods of teaching in preschool institutions are mainly used in gaming. The game for the preschooler is the main activity and through it the child can be taught everything that is necessary at his age. The most suitable for the kindergarten are story-role games, during which children actively interact and effectively learn, because The experiences experienced are remembered more vividly.
Interactive methods of teaching in school
At school, interactive training allows the use of almost the entire range of techniques. Interactive methods of teaching in an elementary school are:
- story-role and imitation games;
- staging;
- game in the association, etc.
For example, for pupils of primary classes the game is suitable, the meaning of which is to teach something to a neighbor by the desk. Teaching a classmate, the child learns to use visual aids and explain, and also learns the material much deeper.
In the middle and high schools, interactive methods of teaching include technologies aimed at developing thinking and intellect (project activity, brainstorming , debate), interaction with the society (staging, playing situations). For example, with high school students, you can already play in the role-playing game "Aquarium", the essence of which is that part of the group is playing a difficult situation, and the rest are analyzing it from the outside. The goal of the game is to jointly consider the situation from all points of view, develop algorithms for its solution and choose the best one.