Normally, near the mouth of the urethra or on its walls is a lot of glands. Their size is small, and in connection with their location they are called paraurethral. The main function of the glands is the release of a substance similar to mucus. This gland secretion product has a protective function. That is, thanks to this, the urethra is protected from ingestion of microorganisms during intercourse.
A para-urethral cyst occurs if, for some reason, the outflow of the secreted substance from the gland is impaired. As a result, it stretches and grows. As a result, the cyst of the paraurethral gland is a sac with mucous contents.
Another option for the formation of similar cysts is the non-spreading of embryonic ducts. In this case, they accumulate liquid, and a cyst is formed.
Main manifestations
Paraurethral cyst in women can occur only in the childbearing period. It is known that after the menopause the appearance of this disease is not observed. This is due to the fact that the gradual atrophy of the glands occurs under the influence of a change in the hormonal background.
Symptoms of the paraurethral cyst are different. At small sizes, a woman may not even feel it. Sometimes there is a violation of urination due to the "overlap" of the urethral lumen. With the continued growth of the cyst, the following symptoms may appear:
- pain during urination;
- discomfort when walking;
- pain and discomfort during intercourse;
- the sensation of a foreign body in the mouth of the urethra, while the gland is dense to the touch and sensitive.
It is also possible to attach an infectious agent. In this case, there is a suppuration of the gland.
Treatment of paraurethral cyst
The problem of paraurethral cysts is the high probability of complications. Therefore, timely treatment of the paraurethral cyst will prevent from more serious conditions.
Conservative therapy in this case does not give the desired result, so it is not advisable to conduct it. In this regard, the removal of the para-urethral cyst by surgery is the only method of effective treatment. Before the operation, it is necessary to determine the exact size of the paraurethral cyst and its localization. This allows you to determine ultrasound using an intracavitary sensor or urethrocystoscopy.
Also, operations are performed on the paraurethral cyst with the help of modern technologies - laser and electrocoagulation. But, unfortunately, such methods give only a short-term positive result. Since during the manipulation only the opening of the cavity of the cyst occurs and the removal of its contents. But the cavity itself remains and after a while the disease resumes. In the postoperative period, the development of hematomas, fistulas and strictures of the ureter is possible.