Abscess of the abdominal cavity is a limited (diffuse) peritonitis, in which formation of a purulent cavity of various sizes, placed in a pyogenic capsule, is observed. This form of peritoneal inflammation can form in any part of the abdominal cavity, depending on the primary focus of infection, as well as on the movement of purulent exudate, the spread of infection through the lymph and blood vessels. Most often, the abscess is localized in the subhepatic and subdiaphragmatic spaces, in the ileum, between the intestinal loops, in the douglas space of the small pelvis, inside the organs.
Causes of abdominal abscess
Abscess of the abdominal cavity may develop as a complication after performing cavitary operations, and, according to statistics, about 0.8% of cases are associated with planned interventions, and 1.5% - with emergency manipulations in acute inflammatory processes. Other reasons for the formation of a purulent cavity may include:
- abdominal injury;
- perforated appendicitis;
- perforation of stomach and duodenum ulcers;
- acute cholecystitis ;
- pancreatitis;
- Crohn's disease ;
- purulent diseases of the female sexual sphere (adnexitis, salpingitis, parametritis, etc.);
- inflammation of the adrenal tissue;
- spine osteomyelitis, etc.
Symptoms of abdominal abscess
The main manifestations of this pathology are:
- pronounced constant pain in the abdominal region, which can give back to the shoulder and strengthened with pressure and deep inspiration;
- increased body temperature;
- changes in body temperature during the day;
- chills;
- nausea;
- lack of appetite;
- frequent urination;
- constipation;
- rapid pulse;
- tachycardia.
Treatment of abscess of abdominal cavity
The only method of treatment of an abscess is surgical opening, draining and sanitation of the abscess, for which minimally invasive techniques are currently used. Only in the presence of multiple abscesses is shown a wide opening of the abdominal cavity. Also, antibiotic therapy is mandatory.