Bronchial asthma is a disease in which, due to an allergic inflammation of the respiratory tract, an acute spasm of the bronchi develops and the secretion of mucus increases. Because of this, there is a violation of breathing, in some cases reaching choking. It is one of the most common childhood diseases.
The main causes of asthma in children are:
- frequent ARVI viral and bacterial nature;
- smoking of the mother during pregnancy and feeding;
- allergy to dust, pollen of plants, animals, food, spores of fungi;
- genetic predisposition;
- diseases of the nervous system.
How does asthma manifest in children?
As the disease develops, its manifestations intensify. The first signs of asthma in children include deviations from the respiratory system - itching in the nose, sneezing, dry cough, rare wheezing. Usually, an attack of bronchial asthma is provoked by a transferred respiratory disease or stressful situation. One of the main symptoms of asthma in children is the appearance of dyspnoea and wheezing. They are accompanied by a dry cough. The child can feel the congestion of the chest. In addition, the patient's condition is often complicated by an attack of suffocation and difficulty exhaling. The signs of asthma in children include a sense of lack of air, tachycardia develops. Each bronchial attack can last from a few minutes to 2-3 hours. However, asthma develops rather slowly in infants. Therefore, most often there is coughing asthma in children, manifested in a dry cough without getting rid of sputum.
Treatment of asthma in children
Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely get rid of asthma. However, complex measures can make it easier for a child to have a bronchial attack and make his appearance rare. First of all, parents need to reduce the possibility of contact of the child with the allergen at home. It is necessary to get rid of sources of dust - carpets, upholstered furniture, and books - to put behind a glass. It will be necessary to lose a pet and room flowers, to which the child may have sensitivity. It is advisable for smoking households to get rid of this habit. In addition, the child suffering from asthma should be tempered in order to reduce the incidence of ARVI, provoking bronchospasm. Medical therapy is shown in the form of the use of special aerosols or inhalers, which allow to stop spasm.