Learn more about the EGF, what it is, seeks every patient who is prescribed a procedure with a frightening name. However, this manipulation is in fact not so terrible, it seems, at first glance. Yet it is important to properly prepare for it.
FGDS - what is it in medicine?
This procedure has a wide range of possibilities. GGDS of the stomach is used for such purposes:
- provides tissue collection for further histological examination;
- helps to study the condition of the mucous membranes;
- reveals ulcers, watering and other pathologies of the digestive tract;
- helps to determine the effectiveness of the therapy.
Given such a wide range of manipulation applications, it is logical to ask patients to find out what the FGDS is - what it is. This procedure is considered to be a fast, safe and effective method for studying the organs of the digestive system. Manipulation is carried out using a special tool - a flexible device. Outwardly it is a thin long tube, the thickness of which does not exceed 1 cm. There is an endoscope at the end.
FGDs with biopsy - what is it?
This procedure is a combination of two manipulations. The first of these is FGDS (what is it, it is important to understand), and the second is a thin-needle biopsy. The main advantages of this procedure are:
- high degree of detail of the image;
- the possibility of identifying erosions and polyps;
- ability to stop internal bleeding .
In addition, fibro-gastroduodenoscopy of FGD with biopsy allows the selection of individual fragments of the mucous membrane for the purpose of conducting a subsequent histological examination. This procedure can be performed in both benign and malignant tumors. It helps to identify the pathological process even at the initial stage of its development.
EGD - how to prepare?
This approach requires a serious approach. If the preparation for the EHF is not performed correctly, the doctor will not be able to properly perform this procedure and help the patient. To put your stomach in order, it is important to observe the following recommendations:
- Manipulation is carried out on an empty stomach. The last meal should be done 8-10 hours before the procedure. If the patient has serious problems in the digestive system, this interval increases to 12-13 hours.
- It should be discarded a couple of days before the FGDF from smoking, because nicotine makes the blood vessels permeable. In addition, the exposure to this substance increases the production of mucus, so the inspection process is complicated.
- FGD - preparation for the survey includes the removal of dentures. They can prevent a doctor from performing the procedure qualitatively.
- You can not brush your teeth on the day of the manipulation. You just have to just rinse your mouth with clean water. Cleaning the teeth increases the gag reflex.
- Preparing for EGF of the stomach suggests that the patient should calm down, discard fears. The psychological attitude in this case is very important.
- Do not wear tight squeezing clothes on the procedure.
- Reception of medicines (antibiotics, hormonal preparations and other medicines) should be coordinated with the gastroenterologist.
Preparing for gastric vaginal drainage - several important recommendations
Before this procedure should adhere to a special diet. Such a diet will help the doctor to carry out a survey as qualitatively as possible. For 3 days before EGF it is impossible to consume such products:
- plums, tomatoes, apricots and other sour fruits and vegetables;
- carbonated drinks;
- pears, melons, cherries and other foods that are difficult to digest;
- cold dishes - jelly, ice cream, jelly;
- beans;
- coffee;
- chocolate;
- dairy;
- alcohol;
- juices;
- buns.
How to prepare for the ECG of the stomach, the doctor knows. He will give recommendations on what the diet should be presented. Optimum - six meals. The patient will be recommended to consume such products:
- buckwheat, oatmeal or wheat porridge;
- baked fruit or vegetables;
- boiled chicken meat;
- white bread crumbs;
- omelet;
- compote or herbal tea.
Fibrogastroduodenoscopy - indications
More often this procedure is appointed, when it is necessary to carry out diagnostics of diseases of the upper GI tract. FGDS with or without biopsy is prescribed in such cases:
- bloating ;
- often overwhelming pains that do not go away on their own;
- presence of blood in stool;
- severe weight loss;
- heartburn ;
- problems with swallowing food;
- diagnosis of an ulcer or tumor;
- anemia;
- decreased appetite.
FDDS - contraindications
There are a number of circumstances when this procedure is not recommended. GGDS stomach contraindications has these:
- aortic aneurysm;
- violations in blood clotting ;
- deformation of the esophagus;
- mental disorders in acute stage;
- severe form of bronchial asthma;
- heart attacks or strokes;
- infectious diseases in acute stage;
- increased thyroid gland;
- strong gag reflex;
- obesity.
How is fibroadastroduodenoscopy performed?
This procedure is performed in a special diagnostic room. It is planned or in an emergency. Before the EGF, the doctor or nurse irrigates the patients with a spray with anesthetic action. More often, lidocaine is used for this. Before choosing a drug with a freezing effect, the doctor will make a test that allows to determine whether there is an allergy to the drug used.
Fibrogastroduodenoscopy - algorithm
After treating the larynx with an antiseptic and anesthetic, the doctor proceeds to the procedure itself. Its algorithm is as follows:
- The patient lies on the couch on his left side.
- Under his head lay a pillow, which is covered with a towel (it will drain saliva during the procedure).
- The patient is given a plastic ring (it needs to be clamped with teeth).
- Through the opening, an endoscope is inserted, after which the doctor asks for a swallowing movement, during which the probe moves through the digestive tract.
- After the chamber reaches the stomach, air is pumped into this section of the gastrointestinal tract. At this stage, the walls of this digestive organ are straightened.
- Electro-pump from the stomach pumped out excess fluid (mucus, bile, and so on).
- The examination of the digestive tract begins. The doctor examines the mucous membranes and takes the tissue for subsequent histological examination.
- After the EGF, the probe is quickly removed.
- The patient is escorted to the ward.
The whole procedure lasts no more than 5 minutes. After it, there is a video recording of the examination, which the doctor can examine in detail if necessary. However, after the procedure, unpleasant consequences can occur. It is important for a patient to know not only the FGDs - what is it generally, but also what complications are possible. More often there are such consequences:
- Pain in the abdomen - they are provoked by the fact that during the procedure, air was pumped into the stomach. An unpleasant sensation will pass by itself in a couple of days after the manipulation.
- Damage to the jaw - this complication occurs when the patient's teeth are loose.
- The feeling of squeezing in the larynx - such unpleasant sensations are observed after the endoscope is inserted into the cavity.
FGD under general anesthesia
During the procedure, both local and general anesthesia can be used. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy under anesthesia helps to cope with the emetic reflex. With local anesthesia, the root of the tongue is sprayed with an anesthetic. The freezing effect comes instantly and lasts up to 20 minutes. The advantage of local anesthesia is that it does not use special expensive equipment. In addition, such anesthesia is considered more safe for the patient.
General anesthesia involves the use of light sedatives, which are injected intramuscularly, or potent medicines delivered intravenously. With this method of anesthesia during the procedure, the doctor uses special equipment that controls the breathing and heart rhythm of the patient. Unlike the local general anesthesia is more severe for the body, so it is rarely used.
EGD - is it painful?
Because anesthesia is used, the sensations are tolerable. For this reason, FGDS - is it painful, patients do not have to screw themselves too much and think out too much. Minimize discomfort can be, listening to the doctor's recommendations:
- lie flat;
- to breathe calmly;
- do not make sudden movements.
EGS - decoding
After the procedure, the doctor analyzes the results and gives a written certificate to the patient. Diagnostic fibrogastroduodenoscopy includes such moments:
- assessment of the condition of the walls and mucosa of the digestive organs, as well as their patency;
- examination of the cardia - passage of the esophagus into the stomach;
- the study of fluid in the stomach;
- examination of the gatekeeper.