For motor activity in the body, there are special departments and the cortex of the brain. When their functioning is disrupted paresis of limbs develops. This disease often occurs against a background of hemorrhage in the brain tissue or ischemia. Paresis is a progressive pathology, so if therapy does not start on time, it can go into paralysis - complete immobilization.
Sluggish and spastic paresis of lower or upper extremities
These types of diseases are classified by the location of lesions:
- Peripheral or flaccid paresis is characterized by damage to the cells of the brain, its cortex, and also of the nervous nuclei.
- The central or spastic type of pathology develops due to the violation of neural connections between muscles and the brain.
Also, the pareses are divided into 4 groups, respectively, the prevalence of impairment of motor activity:
- monoparesis - 1 limb;
- paraparesis - 2 lower or 2 upper limbs;
- hemiparesis - 2 limbs (arm and leg) on one side of the body;
- tetraparesis - all limbs.
Symptoms of paresis of the extremities
The main sign of the condition in question is muscle weakness in the limbs, sometimes - the muscles of the neck. Because of this, there are such clinical manifestations:
- change of gait (a man is overtaken from one foot to another);
- difficulty in trying to raise your hands, take something;
- hanging of the foot during lifting of the foot;
- impossibility to get out of a sitting position;
- constantly tilted forward head, if the muscles of the neck weakened.
Apparently, it is not difficult to diagnose this pathology even after a visual examination. In addition, the doctor can prescribe MRA, EEG and MRI of the brain, a blood test.
Treatment of paresis of upper or lower extremities
Usually, paresis does not occur spontaneously, but is always a consequence of some disease of the brain or spinal cord. Therefore, the treatment of the disease should, first of all, be aimed at eliminating the true cause of muscle weakness.
To restore the motor activity the following measures are applied:
- Reception of drugs that improve blood circulation in the brain - nootropics, angioprotectors .
- Use of funds that normalize blood pressure.
- The appointment of medications that increase conductivity in neuromuscular connections.
In addition, the constant development of weakened muscles is required. For this, when paresis of the extremities is recommended exercise therapy, assuming synchronous passive movements under the guidance of trained instructors. Also various kinds of manual influence, physiotherapy are appointed.