Skin, as is known, is the largest organ of the human body. It combines a number of functions:
- protective;
- respiratory;
- heat exchange;
- tactile;
- Cleansing;
- regenerating.
Therefore it is not surprising that the skin can be subject to negative influence of the environment and to show symptoms of internal unhappiness of the body. One of these manifestations may be a violation of skin pigmentation.
Causes of Skin Pigmentation
The difference in skin color depends on the combination of several elements:
- melanin;
- oxyhemoglobin;
- reduced hemoglobin;
- carotene.
But the main role in the pigmentation of hair, skin and eyes belongs to melanin. And a violation in the pigmentation of the skin is explained by a decrease or increase in the melanin content in the body.
The manifestation of decreased pigmentation may be as follows:
- albinism (absence of the enzyme tironaz, and as a consequence of an incorrect synthesis of melanin);
- vitiligo (immune system damage, possibly hereditary).
Increased melanin content is manifested as:
- freckles (their number increases during the warm season and practically passes with the onset of autumn);
- the formation of chloasma (brownish spots, usually located symmetrically on the face)
- a large number of birthmarks and birthmarks;
- the appearance of spots in the presence of dermatological problems (acne, insect bites, wounds),
- side effects when taking medications or contraceptives);
- presence of melanoma.
In all cases, disruption of the production of melanin can be caused by age-related changes in the body.
Pigmented spots location
Loss of skin pigmentation, as well as increased pigmentation, can be on any part of the skin. As a rule, the face and hands are especially vulnerable. This is due to the fact that these parts of the body are most exposed to sunlight, and ultraviolet radiation can cause pigment disorders. Violation of skin pigmentation on the legs should alert and become an occasion for a visit to the doctor, tk. it is on the legs often there are signs of lichens and skin cancer symptoms.
Treatment of skin pigmentation disorders
The first thing you should do when you notice a violation of skin pigmentation is to visit a dermatologist. If these disorders are caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet light or age-related changes, then the next visit to the cosmetologist, which will select the optimal procedures (peelings, dermabrasion, skin care, skin care cream) will help you.
If the appearance of pigmented spots is caused by a violation of the functions of the internal organ, then correct and timely treatment by a specialist doctor will make it possible to eliminate this unpleasant symptom.
Removing moles in 90% is a safe procedure. But if you notice a change in the type or size of the birthmark, you should consult a specialist, as this may be a symptom of malignant degeneration.
How to reduce the manifestation of pigmentation?
To reduce the manifestation of skin pigmentation disorders, one should adhere to simple rules:
- When going out, use sunscreen, or cream containing UF-filters. Their indicator should be at least 30.
- Use properly selected skin care products.
Incorrectly selected means can provoke irritation of the skin. - On a bright, sunny day, it is advisable to wear a hat and cover the pigmented skin areas with clothing.
- Avoid wax epilation in the lesions.
- If the pigmentation disorder is caused by the side effect of medications, it is advisable to replace them or to exclude them, after consultation with the attending physician.
- Whitening procedures should be carried out in the evening to avoid exposure to the sun within the next 12-24 hours.