The tooth is retained in the jaw due to the dental ligaments fixing its roots in the bony alveoli. Inflammatory process in these zones, as well as near root tissues, often occurs against the background of neglected and severe forms of caries, pulpitis, mechanical injuries, sepsis.
Acute periodontitis, depending on the nature of the exudate, can be purulent or serous. On the localization of inflammation, pathology is classified into the apical (marginal) and marginal (marginal) species.
Acute serous periodontitis
This form of the disease in question is the initial one. It is characterized by accumulation in periodontium of exudate with a low content of purulent masses. In view of the fact that the inflammatory fluid is localized in a closed cavity and compresses the nerve endings, painful sensations arise when biting on the damaged tooth.
Other symptoms:
- small edema of the face in the area of the affected area;
- feeling of lengthening of the causative tooth;
- painlessness during palpation of carious cavities.
Acute purulent periodontitis
If nothing is done in the serous form of the pathology, after a few days it becomes a purulent species.
Characteristic features:
- constant throbbing pain;
- mobility of the damaged tooth;
- marked swelling of the face;
- soreness of the gum near the affected tooth when pressed.
It is worth noting that during the radiological examination of the jaw, no significant changes are visible visually. Therefore, to diagnose the inflammatory process, you should always contact a qualified dentist.
Treatment of acute periodontitis
Basically, conservative therapy of the described pathology is carried out.
For the outflow of exudate and purulent masses, root canal opening is performed under infiltration or conductive anesthesia. At the same time, the decay products of the pulp are removed. With acute apical or apical periodontitis, it is sufficient to widen the apical foramen.
When the disease is accompanied by an abscess and increasing edema, drainage through the open root canals, a gingival pocket or an incision along a transitional fold is performed. Antiseptic sanitation is carried out frequently and regularly by washing, rinsing and administering special preparations.
The following groups of drugs help to remove the symptoms of periodontitis:
- antihistamines;
- painkillers ;
- antibiotics.
Coping inflammation and pain is performed with
After the subsidence of all signs of the disease, dental treatment and canal filling is performed.
If the tooth is too damaged or the outflow of exudate is impossible, surgical interventions are used:
- hemisection;
- tooth extraction;
- resection of the apex of the root.