A variety of anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to relieve inflammation in the lesions. Especially important are the medicines for this purpose in diseases that are characterized by a chronic progressive inflammatory process, which can lead to disability.
Types of anti-inflammatory drugs
Anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the main components of treatment:
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- osteoarthritis;
- osteochondrosis;
- gout;
- rheumatism;
- hernia of the spine;
- neuralgia;
- renal and biliary colic;
- myositis;
- injuries and sprains;
- some cardiac, gynecological diseases.
Prohibited or restricted anti-inflammatory drugs when:
- peptic ulcer disease;
- disorders of blood clotting;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- allergies to these drugs;
- some kidney diseases;
- cardiovascular diseases;
- varicose veins;
- autoimmune pathology.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment are used in complex therapy for inflammation in bone, muscle and articular tissues. The peculiarity of these drugs in their nonspecificity is that they remove the inflammatory process of any genesis in any localization. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the most commonly used drugs in the world, as they act as an anesthetic.
The first NSAID in the history of pharmacy was aspirin, which was obtained from the bark of willow in the 18th century. On the basis of salicylic acid, other, more modern preparations with a similar effect and, unfortunately, with similar side effects are produced - a negative effect on the health of the stomach and duodenum, liver and circulatory system. To reduce the likelihood of adverse effects after taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs of this type, doctors are not recommended to exceed the permitted dosage.
NSAIDs of a new type on the basis of other components have a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and prolonged action, but they are much less likely to cause various complications even with prolonged admission. These drugs include Meloxicam, Piroxicam (derivatives of oxicam), Nabumetone, Diclofenac (derivatives of phenylacetic acid), Ibuprofen, Ketotifen (derivatives of propionic acid) and some others.
Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Medications that are part of the hormone anti-inflammatory drugs group are more potent than non-steroid drugs. These drugs produce on the basis of the hormone of the adrenal glands - cortisol. The mechanism of action of steroid drugs is the local suppression of the immune system. Side effects and contraindications for the drugs of this group are greater than those of NSAIDs, and they are prescribed for:
- a strong allergic reaction to the skin;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- inflammation of blood vessels;
- hepatitis;
- myositis;
- shock states.
Contraindicated steroid anti-inflammatory drugs with:
- pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- presence of bacterial or viral infection;
- the probability of bleeding;
- immunodeficiency;
- significant erosion of joints;
- taking blood thinning medications;
- already made by three injections of steroid preparations.
Combined anti-inflammatory drugs
Combined anti-inflammatory drugs are agents that combine several components, thereby greatly increasing the therapeutic effect of these drugs. The more often used anti-inflammatory component of combined drugs is diclofenac, but combines it with vitamins, paracetamol, lidocaine and other active substances.
Anti-inflammatory drugs - list
Competently to pick up anti-inflammatory preparations in each individual case the doctor is capable only. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block the body's enzymes responsible for the production of prostaglandins - substances that cause pain and inflammation. To apply different preparations of this group for strengthening of action it is impossible - it will cause intensification of by-effects. The use of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs without prescribing a doctor can provoke hypertension, blood clotting disorders, masculinization of the body in women, osteoporosis.
Anti-inflammatory tablets
Painkillers and anti-inflammatory pills are the most purchased medicines. This form is convenient for use, so the most popular drugs are almost always available in the form of tablets:
- Nimesulide - is prescribed for severe pain in muscles, joints, spine;
- Celecoxib - effective for arthrosis, osteochondrosis;
- Meloxicam - is indicated for arthritis, ostearthrosis, spondyloarthritis;
- Ibuprofen - is prescribed with an average pain syndrome with back pain, inflammation of the periosteum, fever.
Anti-inflammatory injections
Drugs in the form of injections have their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects much faster than tablets. In addition, the injection can be done in close proximity to the focus of inflammation, which greatly accelerates the flow of drugs into inflamed tissues. The greatest demand for anti-inflammatory drugs for the joints, muscles, bone:
- Xefokam, Movalis - are effective for arthrosis, they are also available in the form of tablets;
- Diclofenac - is recommended for osteochondrosis, radiculitis, lumbago, inflammation of bone tissue, are also available in the form of tablets;
- Nurofen, Ketonal - effective for various inflammations, have few contraindications and side effects;
- Hydrocortisone, Kenalog, Prednisolone - steroid preparations, used as an emergency aid for severe inflammation and severe pain syndrome (replace opiates), are injected directly into the inflamed focus.
Anti-inflammatory suppositories
Infection penetrated into female reproductive organs and caused thrush, inflammation of the cervix or fibroma, requires the use of anti-inflammatory vaginal suppositories, since the health of a woman and her offspring depends on the timeliness and quality of treatment. Rectal anti-inflammatory suppositories are used, if necessary, to cure inflammatory focus in the rectum and organs located nearby. In addition, treatment with suppositories reduces the risk of side effects. List of anti-inflammatory suppositories:
- Indomethacin , Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Movalis, Voltaren, Flamax - used to relieve inflammatory processes in the rectum or vagina, as well as with cystitis, neuralgia, neuritis and when it is not possible to use anti-inflammatory drugs in other forms;
- Longitude - vaginal suppositories are used in the treatment of inflammation of the pelvic organs;
- Fluomizin, Terzhinan - used for the therapy of endometritis, adnexitis;
- Ultraproct, Proctosedil is a steroid drug used for hemorrhoids, fissures, paraproctitis;
- Posterizan - immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory suppositories, are used for inflammation of the rectum and after operations to accelerate healing.
Anti-inflammatory ointments
Ointment is an effective form of the drug for external use, in some cases, ointments are used for insertion into the vagina or rectum. Commonly used components of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ointments are diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen. Anti-inflammatory ointments:
- Orthofen, Nurofen, Ketonal, Meloxicam - non-steroid preparations for the treatment of inflammation externally, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract.
- Sinalar, Momat, Akriderm - steroidal anti-inflammatory ointments, are prescribed by doctors in cases when local suppression of immunity is necessary - for skin diseases, shock conditions, hepatitis, allergies, muscle pathologies, joints, vascular disorders.
Anti-inflammatory cream
A list of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of a cream includes the names and many preparations produced in the form of ointments. The cream is a more convenient form for external application, and active substances are used the same for all anti-inflammatory drugs. Names of anti-inflammatory creams:
- Ketoprofen, Arthrosilen, Indovazin, Diklovit - non-steroid creams, are used to treat skin diseases, joints;
- Momat, Akriderm - steroid drugs, used to treat allergies, arthritis.
Anti-inflammatory gels
Gel - another form of drugs for external use, it is easily absorbed and does not leave a greasy film. List of anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of gel:
- Sinalar, Bematetazon - steroid preparations for the treatment of skin diseases, allergies, accompanied by itching;
- Diklak-gel, Voltaren, Fastum-gel, Finalagel, Indovazin - are used to treat pain and inflammation in muscles, joints.
Eye anti-inflammatory drops
Eye anti-inflammatory drops are used to treat ophthalmic diseases. These anti-inflammatory drugs are produced both with and without steroids. Many eye drops can be purchased only after receiving a prescription from a doctor, since only a qualified specialist can take into account all individual indications and contraindications.
Frequently prescribed eye anti-inflammatory drops:
- Dexamethasone is a solution for injecting a steroid group, used as eye drops to treat blepharitis, keratitis, scleritis, conjunctivitis (without purulent process);
- Diclofenac is a non-steroid drug that relieves redness, swelling, inflammation in eye trauma, after surgery;
- Indocollir is a non-steroid drug, it is used after operations on the eyeball, for the treatment of conjunctivitis, miosis, macula;
- Diklo-F - non-steroid drops, prescribed after surgery for cataract and other inflammations of the eye of a non-infectious nature;
- Tebridex - the drug combines anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action, is used for inflammation caused by microbial infections.