The rate of glucose in the blood for different categories of patients can vary significantly. It is important and lifestyle, and the age category of the patient, and the nature of concomitant diseases. There are averaged indicators with which you can not only monitor the health status, but also prevent the development of diabetes mellitus, possible malfunctions in the body, associated with metabolic processes and hormonal reactions.
What determines the concentration of glucose in the blood?
The level of glucose in the blood throughout the day varies significantly for each of us. In the morning, on an empty stomach, it will be much lower than after a cup of coffee, but a dense dinner will raise sugar values for an impressive period of time - 3-4 hours. It is the nature of nutrition that is responsible for glucose in the first place, since food habits can affect the activity of the pancreas that produces insulin in the long term:
- People who eat a lot of fast carbohydrates, fats and refined foods (fruits, sugar, buns, confectionery, potatoes, sausages) accustom their body to a constantly elevated glucose level. After we eat a candy, the sugar jump takes place after 15 minutes. The raised level of a glucose in a blood will remain for 35-45 minutes then the organism will demand from us a new candy, or sweet tea. All this significantly increases the risk of diabetes .
- Athletes and people with intensive mental work need slightly higher glucose. They can afford a little more fast carbohydrates.
- It is much more useful to use slow carbohydrates - bran, whole grain bread and cereals, green leafy vegetables. They raise glucose gradually and permanently, thereby reducing the likelihood of sharp jumps in its level, both upward and downward. Do not forget that a lower concentration of sugar, a hypoglycemic crisis, can be much more dangerous than increased.
The analysis of blood for glucose allows you to monitor all these indicators and adjust the diet to the needs of the body.
How is the blood glucose level determined?
At home, the glucose level can be set using a glucometer, but this device is not available in every family. It is much easier to conduct biochemical studies of blood in the laboratory. For the analysis can be used as venous blood, and biomaterial from the finger. In this case, in the first case, the blood sugar norms are slightly overestimated - taking blood from a vein can be associated with excitement, which increases the production of insulin.
For adults, glucose in the blood within 3.5-5.5 when taking blood from the finger is considered an indicator of the norm. Most often, laboratory tests detect glucose at level 4 in the blood of patients who are not obese and lead an active lifestyle. It is this indicator is evidence of a good state of health.
With a fence from the vein within the norm will be 3.5-6.1 mmol / l, glucose in the blood above 6.1 indicates a development in the pre-diabetes state. Above 10 mmol / l is a sign of diabetes mellitus.
It should be remembered that to establish a diagnosis, one analysis is not enough. It should be monitored blood sugar levels
In the course of testing, the capillary (finger) of blood will be taken on an empty stomach and 2 hours after taking 75 g of glucose, or a dense dinner. Here are the average norms of these indicators:
- the norm in the morning, on an empty stomach - 3,5-5,5;
- immediately after taking glucose - 7,8-10;
- 2 hours after the intake of glucose - 7.8 and below.