In the treatment of various diseases, immunomodulators are used to correct the immune status, drugs specially designed to suppress or enhance the production of protective cell links. Depending on the needs of the body, they can be strongly- or mild-acting, of synthetic or natural origin.
Immunomodulators - list of drugs
The considered category of medicines is classified as follows:
- endogenous;
- exogenous;
- synthetic.
In turn, each of the groups is divided into subtypes. Endogenous natural immunomodulators:
- thymic, which are produced from peptides of the thymus of the thymus gland of cattle (Imunofan, Timogen, Timalin);
- Interleukinovye on the basis of cytokines (Ronkoleikin, Betaleikin);
- immunoglobulins, used, usually in the form of serum, for example, a complex immunoglobulin preparation (TRC);
- inductor preparations of interferon and immunomodulators of the interferon group. Developed on the basis of protein protective cells of the body (Wiferon, Kipferon, Lokferon).
Exogenous antiviral drugs immunomodulators can be of molecular or fungal origin:
- Bronhomunal;
- Ribomunyl;
- BCG vaccine;
- Pyrogenal;
- vaccine IRS.
Synthetic agents are less preferred for the treatment of viral or autoimmune diseases. Because, unlike endo- and exogenous drugs, they do not correct the work of the system, but perform its functions. The most famous chemical preparation is the new generation immunomodulator Polyoxidonium. In addition to the main action, the medicine produces an antioxidant and detoxifying effect. Among synthetic drugs, neovir, Dyuzifon, Galavit, Amiksin , Levamisol are also noted.
Antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents
During the therapy of malignant neoplasms, chemotherapy is performed that depresses the immune system. In addition, the imbalance of protective cell links often leads to autoimmune disorders of cancer patients, as well as a strong exposure to various kinds of infections.
In the complex treatment scheme, periodic intake of immunostimulants of the interferon series is necessary:
- Interferon alfa (2a, 2b, n1);
- Interferon beta (1a, 1b);
- Interferon gamma;
- Peginterferon alfa (2a, 2b).
Also, interleukins, such as Aldesleykin, and colony-stimulating factors - Lenograstim, Filgrastim, Pegfilgrastim, should be included in the therapy.
To enhance the effect of cytostatics, immunosuppressants or immunosuppressants are recommended:
- Abatacept;
- Infliximab;
- Sirolimus;
- Ustekinumab;
- Tacrolimus;
- Mycophenolate mofetil;
- Azathioprine;
- Adalimumab;
- Glatiramer acetate;
- Cyclosporine.
Plant immunomodulators - list
Both in folk and traditional medicine natural means for normalizing the work of immunity have long been used. These include:
- liquorice root;
- rhodiola rosea ;
- Eleutherococcus spiny;
- Chinese Schisandra;
- echinacea;
- ginseng;
- lure;
- aralia high;
- medicinal dandelion;
- plantain;
- Baikal skullcap;
- white mistletoe;
- milky white whiskers;
- yellow egg;
- clover meadow;
- succession;
- yarrow;
- sage.