The word "tuberculosis" is heard by many. Even those who did not even come across this disease know how dangerous it is. Unfortunately, the situation of tuberculosis in the CIS countries is unfavorable. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, which allows it to spread rapidly.
The disease causes a stick of Koch that gets into the lungs. Penetrating into the human body, Koch's wand can affect other organs - bones, eyes, skin, internal organs. Tuberculosis of the lungs is a form of tuberculosis that occurs most often. A person suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis becomes a source and carrier of infection. To catch the virus of this disease is very simple, even close contact with the patient is not even necessary. You can inhale the virus in any public place. According to statistics, the probability of tuberculosis in a healthy person is 4-6%.
Symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis
The first symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis are not noticeable. Often the disease is confused with other diseases of the respiratory system - pneumonia, bronchitis. The main sign of pulmonary tuberculosis is weight loss. After infection with a virus a person can dramatically lose weight by 10 kilograms. Then there is fatigue, sweating, irritability. With the development of the disease appears cough and pain in the chest with an inspiration.
Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis
Diagnosis of this dangerous disease is made only by a doctor. An X-ray examination is necessary to determine the disease. Also, for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, sputum is examined for the presence of microbacteria of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis in children may indicate positive Mantoux test. In some cases, for reliability, a blood test is taken.
Classification of pulmonary tuberculosis
There is a fairly large number of varieties of pulmonary tuberculosis. Below are the types of diseases that occur most often:
1. Primary tuberculosis. Primary tuberculosis occurs in the body due to the penetration of Koch's rods into the lungs. Tubercular bacteria begin to multiply rapidly and form foci of inflammation. Primary tuberculosis spreads in the human body very quickly.
2. Secondary pulmonary tuberculosis. Secondary tuberculosis occurs due to repeated infection or reactivation of the early inflammation focus. In this case, the body is already familiar with the infection and the development of the disease differs from the development of primary tuberculosis. There are several forms of secondary pulmonary tuberculosis:
- disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis. This type of disease is characterized by the appearance of a large number of foci. In humans, the activity of immunity decreases, chronic diseases appear;
- focal pulmonary tuberculosis. In the lungs formed one focus of inflammation of various sizes. Basically, this form of the disease arises from the awakening of an infection that is in the human body. The rapidly developing focal form of the disease is also called infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis;
- miliary pulmonary tuberculosis. This form is characterized by the formation of foci of inflammation in the intestine, liver, stomach, brain areas.
- chemotherapy;
- medicamentous treatment (hormonal preparations, vitamins). This method is most often used to treat infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis;
- sanatorium treatment (with strict diet);
- collapsotherapy and surgical treatment.
Tuberculosis of the lung can take a closed and open form. With closed tuberculosis in the patient's sputum there are no microbacteria of the disease. When open - there. A person with an open form of pulmonary tuberculosis should follow the rules of personal hygiene, otherwise he can infect others.
Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis
In our country there are four main methods of fighting this disease:
In addition to the basic methods, popular means of treating pulmonary tuberculosis have become widespread. An effective means is a decoction of St. John's wort and aloe leaf juice. The broth of St. John's wort should be insisted for 10 days and take a teaspoon 7-8 times a day. The course of treatment lasts 10-15 days. Aloe juice should be mixed with honey (ratio 1: 3) and take a tablespoon half an hour before meals for 20 days.
It is important to understand that the diagnosis of "pulmonary tuberculosis" is not a verdict. With timely and correct treatment of the disease can get rid of. In addition to complying with all the doctor's instructions, the patient needs to monitor nutrition, get rid of bad habits (alcohol, tobacco), protect yourself from stress.