Sarcoma bone

Bark sarcoma (Ewing's sarcoma) is a malignant tumor that develops in the bone skeleton of a person. It can be localized in any bones of the skeleton, but most often this disease affects long tubular bones, and secondary metastases occur more often in the vertebrae, ribs and pelvic bones. Sarcoma bones metastasizes and into breast, prostate, lung or kidney cancer.

The causes and symptoms of sarcoma of bones

The reasons for the development of sarcoma of bones have not been studied enough. Factors predisposing to the appearance of this type of tumors include:

• cartilaginous exostoses;
• fractures;
• ionizing radiation;
• Paget's disease;
• other types of cancer.

At the initial stage of the development of this disease, there are no symptoms. After the tumor begins to increase in size, such signs of sarcoma of bone appear:

• deformation of bone;
• restriction of mobility in the joint, which is adjacent to the tumor;
• severe pain worse at night;
• fever.

The clinical picture is characterized by local skin hyperemia. If a patient has a femoral sarcoma, there are also signs of a disease, such as a dysfunction of the pelvic organs and lameness.

Treatment of bone sarcoma

The leading method for detecting osteogenic sarcoma of the femoral, humeral and any other bone is an x-ray study. The final diagnosis is established based on the results of a morphological study of a small tumor fragment, which is obtained by biopsy.

After diagnosing the disease, immediately begin treatment. A favorable prognosis for sarcoma of the bone can be given only after the operation and several courses of chemotherapy. This is due to the fact that this disease has a rather high propensity for rapid hematogenous metastasis.

Organ-preserving surgical intervention is the main element of the treatment of bone sarcoma of the arm, leg, hip. Contraindications for such operations are:

• extensive damage to muscle tissue;
• involvement in the cancer process of the neurovascular bundle;
• pathological fractures with contamination or infection of tissues.

If the tumor has reached enormous proportions or its decomposition is observed with pronounced intoxication and bleeding, radical operations are used: amputations and exarticulations.

Radiation therapy for sarcoma of the humeral, femoral and other bone is used when it is impossible to remove the tumor or metastases. Chemotherapy must be used before surgery. This allows you to quickly reduce the size of tumor formation and remove micrometastases. In addition, such procedures help determine whether the tumor is sensitive to various drugs and choose the right treatment regimen after the operation is completed.

Postoperative chemotherapy is necessary to suppress growth and complete destruction of microscopic metastases. It is also used to treat distant metastases that have already developed. It is usually necessary to spend 4-10 courses with a combination of such drugs as:

• Doxorubicin;
• Ifosfamide;
• Vincristine;
• Dactinomycin;
• Etoposide;
• Cyclophosphamide.

Observation after treatment of bone sarcoma

After completion of treatment of high-quality sarcoma examinations in an oncologist should be carried out for 2 years every 3 months, during the 3rd year every 4 months and during the 4th and 5th year every 6 months. After removal of low-grade sarcoma, follow-up should be performed every 6 months for 2 years. Such surveys include:

• radiography or CT of all organs of the thorax;
• MRI / CT of the bone, which was affected by the tumor;
• Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity .