Thinning of the nasal mucosa, in which the tissues become densified, is called ozone or atrophic rhinitis in medicine. This disease has a chronic nature and unpleasant symptoms, difficult to treat. The exact causes of the emergence of the primary form of pathology are unclear, which complicates her therapy.
Factors causing chronic atrophic rhinitis
The disease, as a rule, develops as a secondary process due to the impact of unfavorable external conditions (professional activity in conditions of gas contamination, contact with aggressive chemicals and dust), nose injuries, surgical operations, and infectious diseases.
As for the primary atrophic rhinitis, there are the following theories about the causes of its occurrence:
- negative ecological situation;
- hereditary predisposition;
- decrease in the general immunity of the organism;
- Atrophic diseases of other organs, for example, gastritis ;
- iron deficiency;
- causative agents of infectious nature.
Nevertheless, in otolaryngological practice, there are often cases of diagnosis of pathology without the above factors in the history.
Symptoms of atrophic dry rhinitis
The main clinical manifestations of the disease are:
- dryness in the nasal cavity;
- formation of dense crusts on the mucosa, which cause discomfort (tingling sensation, burning sensation) and lead to rupture of blood vessels;
- difficulty in smelling;
- a strong thinning of the nasal mucosa, especially in the anterior part of the septum;
- short-term nasal bleeding;
- change in color of mucous (pale pink, matt);
- separation of yellow-green crusts from the nose with an unpleasant odor.
Progression of the disease leads to a pathological expansion of the nasal passages, which can be clearly seen in rinoscopy.
Treatment of chronic atrophic rhinitis
Traditional methods of therapy of the disease under consideration are systemic, local and surgical.
In the first case, an attempt is made to find out the cause of the rhinitis and, if possible, to eliminate it, for example, to abandon bad habits, to change the sphere of professional activity. Further treatment is based on the use of systemic medicines:
1. Preparations that improve microcirculation of biological fluids in mucous membranes, angioprotectors:
- Pentoxifylline;
- Dipyridamole;
- Xanthinol;
- Agapurin.
2. Means that stimulate the immune system, and vitamins:
- juice and aloe extract;
- rutin;
- calcium gluconate;
- fitin;
- tablets of aloe with iron;
- Ferrum Lek.
3. Medications that promote the activation of metabolic processes in tissues:
- orotic acid;
- Cytochrome C;
- Inosine;
- Trimetazidine.
Also, the methods of general impact include balneo- and climatotherapy, spa treatment in a coniferous forest.
Local treatment is as follows:
- Washing of the nasal cavity with solutions of proteolytic enzymes.
- Use of preparations of ichthyol, silver, iodine, phenol (short period of time).
- Pouring ointment or gel Solcoseryl.
- Application of the sodium salt of CMC.
- Smearing of mucous membranes with composite preparations.
Surgical intervention is practiced extremely rarely and consists in the plasticisation of the nasal septum, the narrowing of the strokes.
Treatment of atrophic rhinitis with folk remedies
As medical experience shows, preparations of natural origin are much more effective in local therapy than those with
It is recommended to apply:
- rose hips and sea-buckthorn;
- carotolin;
- eucalyptus and thuja;
- solution of coniferous ester with water (ratio - 1: 5).
Favorably affect the lavage of the nasal cavity with salt water, decoctions of herbs (chamomile flowers, calendula, yarrow).