Before diagnosing urination problems in women of any age, one should know how urination is normal.
Normal urination in women
Usually, women in the course of the day there are 6-7 urination, up to 1.5 liters of clear urine yellowish color, without the impurities of salts, blood or mucus. There are no complaints of pain or frequent urge to urinate .
Normally, the urge to urinate in women is with a filled bladder, they are not very strong and directly proportional to filling. The variant of the norm, in which there is a physiological increase in urination, is considered pregnancy, hormonal changes in the body and old age.
Violation of urination in women
Problems during urination occur as a result of various diseases of the genitourinary system or other organs, and in consequence of some functional disorders.
- For example, frequent urination in women with a small amount of urine can occur with inflammatory diseases of the kidney and bladder, hypothermia, bladder tumors, neurosis.
- A plentiful and frequent urination in women occurs in sugar and diabetes insipidus, pregnancy, CNS diseases, drinking disorders, intoxication, and taking diuretics.
- When urinating more often at night, one should think about inflammatory diseases of the kidneys.
- Slow and difficult urination in women with painful urges and a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder occurs in diseases of the kidneys, bladder and urethra with the presence of stones, inflammation, foreign bodies, tumors or strictures in them.
- Discomfort and soreness with urination in women are found not only with inflammation of the urinary system, but also with inflammatory diseases or tumors of nearby organs (uterus and appendages, appendix, pelvic peritoneum, vagina).
- Spontaneous urination in women (urinary incontinence) occurs with mandatory urge to urinate. However, with urinary incontinence, spontaneous urination in women is a poor retention of urine in the bladder, even without the urge. There is true and false urinary incontinence, if in false urine is excreted through congenital or acquired openings, which should not be in the bladder, then with true spontaneously flows through the sphincter. Incontinence occurs with congenital malformations of the CNS or urinary tract, their trauma, with atrophic or degenerative processes of the urethra and bladder, CNS.
- The delay of urination happens due to the inability to empty the bladder on its own. For a mechanical reason for urinary retention, difficult urination in women is due to the presence of a stone, tumor or foreign body in the urinary tract, or a disturbance in the yield of urine under external pressure by pathological processes in neighboring organs, due to which it can not normally flow.
- Sometimes, with a mechanical impairment of patency, there may be intermittent urination in women, the excretion of urine by drops in a crowded bladder. Urinary retention can be caused by a disruption in the CNS, for example after trauma, surgery, prolonged labor.
Qualitative disorders of urination in women
In addition to quantitative, there are also qualitative disorders of urination (changes in excreted urine).
These include the appearance in the urine:
- salt sediment (urate salts, phosphates, oxalates);
- protein (with inflammatory and degenerative diseases of the kidneys);
- blood (fresh red blood cells with stones, inflammation of the urinary tract and altered with glomerulonephritis);
- leukocytes in large numbers (with purulent inflammation);
- bacteria.