- diseases of the nervous system;
- congenital anomalies;
- the consequences of poor social conditions;
- various mental disorders.
Therefore, on a par with educational institutions for children without deviations, there is a special correctional general education school. It deals with education, taking into account the features of development and a number of diagnoses.
The number of such educational institutions is limited, and in some cities they are generally absent. Because there is another kind - a special correctional boarding school. It provides not only education and upbringing of children, but also accommodation, food, leisure.
Correction boarding school - this is a good way out when it is difficult to solve the problem of travel. These institutions employ qualified specialists who are able to find a common language for special children, because living away from home will be safe.
Types of correctional schools
Each of the pathologies of development requires its own methods of correction. Therefore, there are several types of correctional schools. Children with hearing impairment study in schools of the first kind . For the deaf-mute, separate establishments of the II kind are intended. The blind, as well as the visually impaired, attend schools of types III and IV . If there are violations of speech, you can visit the V type of such institutions.
At neurological and psychiatric hospitals, educational institutions of the VI kind sometimes function. They are designed for those children who have different forms of cerebral palsy , and they have had traumatic brain injuries in the anamnesis.
In schools of the VII type, students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as those with a delay in mental development (CPD), are admitted.
Educational institution VIII kind specializes in working with mentally retarded children . The main goal of teachers is to adapt students to life. Here they teach you to read, count, write, be able to navigate in the simplest everyday situations, establish social contacts. A lot of time is devoted to the development of work skills, so that in the future the person had the opportunity to earn his living by physical labor (carpentry, sewing).
In a special correctional school of all kinds can only be accessed on the basis of a medical report.
Differences from the mass school
We must understand that a correctional school is the possibility of such an education that will be feasible for a child with developmental disabilities, since the program is fully adapted to the contingent. We can highlight the main features:
- classes include up to 15 people;
- the teaching staff has a special education, increases its qualification, focusing on a certain contingent of students;
- there are some things that can not be accurately learned by the guys, the program takes into account the opportunities and needs of the students;
creates the comfort of learning due to the fact that the guys do not feel restrained, the tasks for them are feasible, communication takes place on one level, so there is no soil for superfluous complexes.
Special institutions have full conditions for teaching special children. In some cases, for such a student, training in a correctional school will be more comfortable and effective. But even children who have medical certificates that allow them to study in such institutions can normally succeed in a mass school. Therefore, a decision must be made in each situation individually.