Spine diseases are a very common problem among all age groups. They not only interfere with normal life, but also lead to further numerous complications.
Diseases of the spine and joints - symptoms
The most correct sign of diseases of the musculoskeletal system is pain. It can be of different intensity and localization:
- Dull pain between the shoulder blades or under one of the shoulder blades.
- Short back pain in the morning.
- Pain in the rib cage.
- Constant pain in the lower back with subsequent difficulty walking.
- Pain in the legs, feet.
- Pain and limb numbness.
Sometimes symptoms indicate illnesses not related to the spine, for example, osteochondrosis is often confused with irregularities in the work of the heart. To avoid errors in diagnosis, it is necessary to do a radiograph and undergo an examination with a neurologist.
Diseases of the back and spine of a person - treatment
The optimal treatment course of activities is appointed by the doctor after setting the exact diagnosis and causes of the disease. Usually it looks like this:
- medicamentous preparations for the removal of the pain syndrome;
- physiotherapy;
- massotherapy;
- exercises exercise therapy;
- reception of vitamins.
Common diseases of the cervical spine
1. Osteochondrosis:
- thinning of intervertebral discs;
- slows down or completely stops the process of production of cartilaginous tissue;
- vertebrae lose strength, osteophytes appear on them;
- gradually squeezed spinal cord.
2. Intervertebral hernia:
- there is a rupture of the fibrous ring between the vertebrae;
- intervertebral discs are strongly displaced;
- nerve roots strongly squeezed.
3. Cervical radiculitis - inflammation of surrounding ligaments and muscles occurs due to infringement of spinal nerves.
Diseases of the lumbar spine
1. Spondylosis:
- on the vertebrae, bone growths are formed;
- because of irregular shape, the vertebrae are displaced.
2. Rupture of the disc is the same as the intervertebral hernia.
3. Osteoporosis:
- vertebrae become brittle and brittle due to a lack of calcium;
- vertebral column strongly deformed;
- frequent fractures occur.
4. Sciatica - damage to the sciatic nerve.
5. Fibromyalgia - irritation of the myofascial spinal cord due to inflammation in the muscles of the lumbar spine.
6. Stenosis of the spinal canal:
- there is a gradual narrowing of the central spinal canal;
- nerve endings are squeezed;
- there is an inflammatory process that can move to intervertebral discs.
7. Lumbago - pathological changes in the lumbar spine due to mechanical damage.
8. Inflammation of the sacroiliac joint - a chronic form of inflammation, is associated with injuries or a constant uncomfortable position.
Diseases of the thoracic spine
1. Spondyloarthrosis is a dystrophic disease of the intervertebral joints.
2. Osteoarthritis:
- narrowing the intervertebral space;
- the pressure on the nerve fibers increases.
3. Intervertebral hernia of the thoracic spine.
4. Osteochondrosis of the thoracic region.
5. Scheierman-Mau disease - temporary deformation of the spine in connection with adolescence.
Prophylaxis of diseases of the spine
The development of pathologies of the spine, unfortunately, is irreversible. Therefore, you should constantly maintain it in good condition and take appropriate preventive measures:
- lead a healthy lifestyle;
- balanced eating;
- use a sufficient amount of calcium;
- exercise moderately;
- follow the posture;
- wear comfortable shoes with low heels.
Causes of spine disease
Most often the patient himself is responsible for the appearance of the disease, if it is not associated with injury or age. The most common reasons are:
- Poor food, starvation.
- Incorrect position of the body during work (especially at the computer).
- Lack of sleep.
- Bad habits.
- Lack of physical activity, sedentary lifestyle.
- Overload of the spine.
- The constant wearing of shoes with heels above 8 cm.