All the year round you can buy fresh eggplants on the market, cultivation and care in the greenhouse for these plants are completely studied and do not represent enormous complexity even for the amateur gardener. The fruits of these delicious plants have become more affordable and cheaper with the advent of new materials for the arrangement of covered gardens under glass.
The best aubergines for greenhouses
In a closed ground, a microclimate is created that is fundamentally unlike the natural conditions in the external environment. Breeders have to laboriously deduce new varieties that are able to bear fruit well under an artificial sky, taking into account the peculiarities of growing eggplants in a greenhouse. Experienced vegetable growers recommend to purchase seed material of early and early plant, low-growth species of Solanaceae that do not require expenditure and forces on the garter during the growing season.
Greenhouse varieties of eggplant:
- Joker
- Bagheera
- Sophia
- Purple Miracle F1
- The Nutcracker F1
- Fabin F1
An unusual kind of carp fruit and yield is the variety Balagur. With a single eggplant, at the time of harvest, up to 100 appetizing long-drawn fruits of bright lilac color with a thin skin and delicious flesh are collected. Shrubs do not grow above 1.5 meters, are resistant to fungal diseases.
If you need fast varieties, then Bagheera is suitable for this perfectly. From her seeds, compact and high-yield eggplants grow, growing and leaving in the greenhouse will not be a problem. Small bushes can be successfully planted in separate containers with a nutrient mixture. Fruits ripen in Bagheera glossy, spectacular, dark purple.
This sort will suit the owner of a small greenhouse. It is late-ripening, but it adapts well to any environment. The color of the fruits is black and violet, the flesh of the vegetables is not bitter, the aubergine form is original pear-shaped. Lack of variety - he needs spraying from disease and good agricultural technology.
Hybrid is suitable for garden, but under glass gives good yields more stable. The purple miracle is resistant to fungi, a spider mite , gives out early fruits weighing up to 135 g. Eggplants on the bush are of a cylindrical type, slightly curved, with a greenish-white absolutely not bitter flesh.
This hybrid is a specially created eggplant for growing and care in a greenhouse. The yield of the Nutcracker is enviable - 19.5 kg per square meter of closed ground. Fruits ripen under 250-350 g, they are fastened on the bushes early, after 100 days you can collect ripe vegetables. The cup of the fruit is prickly, but they are kept well.
Hybrid is suitable for connoisseurs of quality ultra-fresh eggplants, which have an excellent mushroom taste. The size of the fruits is small, dark purple, with a beautiful gloss on the skin. To a spider mite, this eggplant is resistant, verticillosis and other dangerous fungi are rarely affected.
Planting aubergine in a greenhouse
Planning the planting of the heat-loving plant is prepared ahead of time. On the beds you need to clean up the weeds, dry stems, debris. It is desirable to water the soil with clean water in several ways, so that the remaining mineral fertilizers are washed. In the case, how to plant eggplants in a greenhouse, you can not neglect the disinfection of the soil. The heat treatment of the land with boiling water is suitable, replacing the upper spent 20-25 cm layer with a new fertile soil. You can make lime (100 g per 1 square meter of greenhouse land) or disinfect the beds with formalin solution 40% (25 ml per 1 liter of water).
When to plant the aubergines in a greenhouse?
In a room without heating you need to be able to calculate the timing of the beginning of planting eggplant. It is desirable that during cultivation the temperature of the medium inside is not lower than 18 ° C, and the soil - 15 ° C. For each climatic region, the beginning of the period of work with seedlings may differ, in the north it is the beginning of May, and in the southern regions one can start planting from April. In a well-heated greenhouse, taking care of plants is easier. Here, experienced owners who know perfectly well how to plant eggplants in a greenhouse, sets the time for planting seedlings themselves depending on the market situation.
At what distance is the eggplant planted in the greenhouse?
Cultivation and care of seedlings is carried out in separate pots filled with a nutrient mixture. Planting in greenhouses occurs in prepared holes about 20 cm in depth. Deepening of seedlings in comparison with the previous soil level is small - up to 1 cm. The bushes of this plant have a spreading shape, so the distance between eggplants in a greenhouse can withstand 40-45 cm. It is desirable to leave the spacing between spacious - 60-65 cm. With the correct layout, you will get up to 5 saplings per 1 sq. M.
With what to plant eggplants in a greenhouse?
Compatibility of aubergines in a greenhouse is a delicate matter, not with all kinds of cultures they get along well. Acceptable neighbors for them are tomatoes. If the tomatoes you have tall varieties , then plan the planting so that they do not throw on the "blue" a strong shadow, otherwise there will not be a good harvest of fruits. Cucumbers require a completely different degree of moisture, so care and grow them with eggplant is not recommended. You can plant a bow in a greenhouse, green shoots do not interfere with our nightshade handsome.
Eggplant care in the greenhouse
You can not get a high-quality and excellent harvest without preventive work. In solving the problem, how to grow eggplants in a greenhouse, they play a crucial role. Without pre-treatment of seed material, control of weeds and pests, your beautiful well-groomed plantations will quickly cover with parasites and wither, affected by a merciless infection.
Preventive measures for growing aubergines:
- Seed treatment in manganese or hydrogen peroxide.
- Disinfection of the land after planting last year.
- Temperature and humidity control.
- Use in the care of chemical and biological products when a disease or pest occurs.
- Weed control.
Eggplant in the greenhouse - soil
Soil mixture for this crop is prepared from available materials. In the case, how to grow eggplants in a greenhouse, about 10% of turf land is used, peat 60%, humus 20%, coarse-grained sand or sawdust 5%. Filling the nutrient mix with fertilizers increases the yield significantly while taking care of the sympathetic nightshade cultures. On the eve of the digging of the soil, the bed is filled with a mixture of beneficial minerals. On 1 sq. M of soil give up to 2 glasses of ash and on a spoonful of the following fertilizers: saltpeter , superphosphate and potassium sulfate .
How to form aubergines in a greenhouse?
If the plants let loose freely on the soil, then the fruit quickly rot, you need to choose one of the types of prickles or garters of plants in the greenhouses:
- Forming eggplant in a greenhouse in the old manner using stakes, when a group of 4 nightshade is planted with a square and tied to the central support.
- The second way of care is to grow a plant in one stem with constant removal of lateral shoots.
- The third effective method of shaping is to leave two or three powerful branches on the eggplant after pricking and tie it to the trellis.
Eggplant dressing in the greenhouse
Abuse of mineral substances harms and leads to poisoning with nitrates, but their moderate application well stimulates the growth of solanaceae. Growing eggplants in a greenhouse needs three or five additional fertilizing. The first is carried out a couple of weeks after planting the seedling. Before fruiting, it is possible to use azofosca (3 tablespoons per bucket), complex mixtures of "Kemir universal" or "Rastvorin". When the fruit appears, the mullein is used in the form of infusion (concentration 1:10) or fermented liquid from weeds and yeast.
Irrigation of aubergines in a greenhouse
These plants adore the cultivation of moderate-abundant watering, when the soil is constantly moistened, and in the air a small percentage of moisture. In the process, how to care for aubergines in a greenhouse, you need to try to bring water in the morning. A good microclimate helps to maintain mulch from needles or agrofibers and timely airing of greenhouses. The first watering is carried out five days after planting. It is advisable to soak the soil to a depth of 15 cm without splashing the leaves.