Among the most common skin diseases, in terms of the number of cases, pyoderma is leading - symptoms include any pustular lesion caused by coccal bacteria. To accurately establish the diagnosis, it is necessary to carefully study the signs and clinical picture of the pathology, as well as to find out the causative agent of the disease.
Skin disease of pyoderma - causes
Skin covers of the human body contain a diverse microflora, consisting of bacteria that provide local immunity. When the balance of the ratio of the number of these microorganisms is broken, active multiplication of pathogenic microbes (streptococci, staphylococcus or both flora at the same time), which provokes inflammation and the formation of pus.
Causes are:
- thermal exposure (overheating, subcooling);
- disorders of the immune system;
- obesity;
- endocrine pathologies and hormonal imbalance;
- diabetes;
- neglect of personal hygiene;
- skin trauma;
- stress and emotional overload;
- diseases of the digestive tract;
- changes in the function of hematopoiesis.
The signs of pyoderma vary depending on the type of pathogens and the depth of bacterial damage.
Streptococcal pyoderma
The main symptom for a group of streptoderma is a convex formation in the epidermis, filled with purulent contents. It is called flicten and is not associated with hair follicles, or with sebaceous glands. Such bubbles can grow substantially and rapidly in size, merge, burst, forming surface erosion.
Distinguish:
- Bullous and streptococcal impetigo;
- vulgar ecthim;
- simple lichen (facial pyoderma);
- erysipelatous inflammation ;
- chronic diffuse streptoderma;
- streptococcal galloping;
- dry streptoderma.
Characteristic features of the listed varieties is the presence of phlycenes with serous-purulent contents. As a rule, they are located in the surface layer of the epidermis, but with vulgar ectaim inflammatory process is localized in the deeper layers of the dermis. When the bubble envelope ruptures, erosion is covered by a dense crust under which an ulcerated area is seen.
Staphylococcal pyoderma
Due to the fact that staphylococci live in the sebaceous glands and hair follicles, this type of disease affects these skin components. Staphylodermia is accompanied by abundant eruptions in the form of pustular cone-like acne, which often have a hair shaft at the base.
There are such kinds of illness:
- folliculitis (superficial or deep);
- vulgar sycosis;
- ostiophalliculitis;
- carbuncle;
- hydradenite;
- epidemic pemphigus;
- furuncle.
Usually, staphylodermic purulent formations burst themselves, after which they are covered with a dense crust. Over time, it dries, leaving no erosion or stains on the skin.
Deep lesions are accompanied by soreness and extensive necrosis of the surrounding tissue. The abscesses have a diameter of more than 1.5 cm, the skin around them is hyperemic with a purple hue.
Shankriform pyoderma
In the case when the causative agents of the disease are both staphylococci and streptococci, it is called mixed or shanquiform. This type includes gangrenous pyoderma, which often accompanies complications of diabetes mellitus.
Symptoms:
- rounded ulcers and erosion on the skin;
- the margins of lesions are dense, slightly protruding above the surface of the epidermis;
- the bottom of ulcers is infiltrated, red;
- erosions are covered with gangrenous or purulent contents;
- after healing there is a noticeable scar.