With the help of make-up, women tend to maximize the skin tone, but cosmetic products do not always provide the desired result. Make-up does not help completely hide the pigment spots on the face, you can get rid of them only by more radical methods. Laser removal is one of the most effective ways to eliminate such defects.
Why does the appearance of pigmentation spots appear on the face?
For the skin color of each person meet special skin cells - melanocytes. If they function incorrectly, pigment spots appear on the epidermis, which have several forms:
- ephelids ( freckles );
- chloasma (hormonal);
- lentigo (senile);
- melasma (conventional);
- nevi ( birthmark );
- wine (vascular).
There are many factors that provoke pigmentation spots - the causes of their appearance on the face:
- genetic predisposition;
- irradiation with ultraviolet;
- age-related changes in the body;
- hormonal failure ;
- diseases of the digestive tract;
- taking certain medications;
- use of photosensitizing cosmetics;
- deficiency of vitamins C and PP;
- excessive or aggressive skin care;
- pathology of the kidneys and urinary system;
- liver disease;
- endocrine disorders;
- cardiovascular lesions and others.
Can the laser remove pigmented spots?
With the help of the technology in question, any kinds of excessive coloration of skin areas are eliminated. Whether the laser removes pigment spots completely, depends on the depth of the melanin. Surface defects disappear after only 1-2 sessions. For more serious cases, it takes 1-3 courses of 8-10 manipulations at intervals of 20 days minimum. This is a long and expensive treatment, but so far no other therapy has produced such an effect as the removal of pigmentation by the laser, the photos before and after confirm its effectiveness. The final results are presented on the already healed skin.
What laser pigmentation spots are removed?
There are several types of devices used to eliminate the described problem on the face. A specialist can offer such a laser against pigmented spots:
- fractional;
- alexandrite;
- neodymium;
- ruby.
Pigmentation removal by fractional laser
The essence of the work of this type of device is a selective effect on the skin of the face. Such a laser from pigmentation destroys only cells that overproduce melanin. Healthy tissues remain intact, which ensures the rapid restoration of damaged areas. To remove the pigmented spot on your face with a fractional type laser, you do not need to burn the upper layers of the epidermis around the defect. The beam forms from 100 to 1100 microzones on each square centimeter of the skin, penetrating to a depth of up to 1.5 mm.
Removal of pigment spots with alexandrite laser
The device described is an optical long-wavelength quantum generator. The removal of pigmented spots by a laser with a radiator from alexandrite occurs due to the heating of melanin. Under the influence of high temperature it completely collapses (evaporates). The removal of age spots on the face with the laser of the presented type occurs as quickly as possible. The Alexandrite emitter works only on melanocytes, without affecting the healthy skin with normal color.
Removal of pigmented spots with neodymium laser
The main feature of this device is its ability to heat not only melanin, but also oxyhemoglobin. Thanks to this, pigmentation removal by neodymium laser allows to get rid of all kinds of spots on the face, including vascular formations. The beam of the device does not dissipate, it acts only on the necessary areas without damaging the healthy tissues. The neodymium device belongs to the group of the most powerful devices. Its radiation penetrates to a depth of 8 mm.
Removal of pigmentation by ruby laser
This type of equipment is rarely used in the treatment of defects described. Removal of pigmentation by a laser based on ruby crystal is fraught with discoloration of healthy skin areas. Such a device "does not see" the difference between the pathological and normal melanin content in cells, so it evaporates it regardless of concentration. The removal of pigmented spots on the face with a laser of the species under consideration is almost not practiced. Sometimes one of its forms (Q-switched) is used for very light-skinned patients.
The best laser for removing pigment spots
The "gold standard" in the described sphere of cosmetology is a fractional device. Such a laser from pigmented spots is not only effective, but also safe for the face. The crushed bundle creates on the skin microscopic damages, the diameter of which does not exceed the size of a human hair. The beam destroys only defective cells and completely evaporates melanin, leaving healthy tissues intact.
Laser removal of pigment spots - contraindications
Cosmetic procedure is almost a surgical intervention, therefore in some situations it can not be carried out. Treatment of pigmentation on the face of the laser has relative contraindications, in which manipulation is not prohibited, but it should be postponed:
- acute infections;
- pregnancy;
- the period of breastfeeding;
- relapses of chronic diseases;
- taking antibiotics;
- inflammatory processes and skin lesions in the treated area;
- fresh tan;
- recent peeling.
The removal of pigmented spots on the face with a laser is absolutely contraindicated in the following situations:
- oncological diseases;
- diabetes;
- immunodeficiencies;
- pathology of connective tissue;
- presence of keloid scars in the area of laser action;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- bronchial asthma;
- hypertensive disease of the 3rd degree;
- epilepsy;
- severe mental illness.
Consequences of removal of pigmented spots by laser
Ignoring contraindications or improper execution of the procedure leads to dangerous complications. The removal of pigment spots on the face of any laser is associated with a risk of thermal skin burn. If the expert who performs the manipulation, incorrectly configured the device and picked up too intense force of impact, the processed places can irreversibly be damaged. The removal of pigmentation on the face of a laser in rare cases has such consequences:
- scarring of tissues;
- suppuration;
- acute inflammation of the epidermis;
- secondary infection;
- necrosis of the skin;
- damage to healthy tissues;
- hypopigmentation (excessive clarification of the epidermis);
- erythema .
To avoid complications after removing the pigmentation on your face with a laser, it is important to follow the rules of skin care:
- Do not use makeup for 3-4 days.
- Protect the face from sunlight for 2 weeks.
- Refuse thermal procedures, visiting the sauna or bath in the next 2 months.
- Moisten the skin with hypoallergenic cream.
- Exclude aggressive cosmetic manipulations on the face (peeling, scrubbing).
- Apply anti-inflammatory drugs prescribed by a dermatologist.