With the help of such poznavatelnyh mental processes, such as: speech, sensation, thinking, memory, attention, a person perceives reality and carries out his life.
Features of mental cognitive processes
It is thanks to these processes that the brain responds to influences from the external and internal environment. If it were not for cognitive phenomena, a person's activity would be in danger. So, without perception, sensations, you would not be able to feel a disinterest, which, it is possible, could well carry a threat to your life. Without reverence and thinking, the psychic regulators that are in each person would not be able to analyze the threat, to foresee the result of its influence. And without memory, you would not remember about your past experience, did not know what the resulting irritation would lead to.
Types of mental cognitive processes
Let's consider in detail the above classification of processes:
1. Sensations are the simplest, among all psychic phenomena. They store in themselves all the ideas about the irritating factors that you have ever faced. In this case, the following types of sensations are distinguished:
- from the outside: gustatory, tactile, auditory, skin, visual, olfactory sensations, through which we know the world around us;
- internal: nausea, hunger, thirst, etc., arising as a result of signals from receptors of certain organs;
- motor sensations appear due to a change in the position of your body.
2. Perception reflects not only what you see, what surrounds you, but also complements it all with their properties, affecting the senses.
3. Attention is the concentrated focus of your consciousness on phenomena or objects of the real world. It is worth noting that each person is difficult to simultaneously perceive information from many sources, but your name, for example, spoken in the crowd during a stormy party, you will certainly hear. Scientists explain this by the fact that the main attention mechanisms are always focused on phrases, words that have special significance for a person.
4. Memory reflects everything that was previously perceived by you, committed, experienced. There is a genetic and intravital:
- hereditary memory includes instincts, all the information that characterizes your physiological structure. It does not have much influence on the life conditions of man;
- in-life keeps what has accumulated, starting from the moment of your birth. In addition, unlike the previous one, it is dependent on external influences.
5. Mind also refers to higher mental cognitive processes. It helps to discover new knowledge for a person's personality , promotes creative development, and accomplishes tasks. It is in the process of the latter that it manifests itself most vividly.
6. Speech combines sound signals, symbols that facilitate the presentation of information, its processing, preservation in memory and, in case of which, transmission.
Violation of cognitive mental processes
Person can be subject to violations of mental cognitive processes. The cause is different diseases. So, with epilepsy, the amount of memory decreases, there are problems with thinking (it is very difficult for a patient to solve elementary problems). As a result of craniocerebral injuries, a decrease in mental capacity for work was noticed. If there is a suggestion for a similar mental disorder, it is urgent
Development of cognitive mental processes
To improve each of the above processes, you can:
- supporting the discussion, thereby strengthening intellectual muscles;
- solving crosswords, scanwords, sudoku, various logical problems;
- strive for reflection, analysis of information;
- teach poems, phone numbers.