Hypoxic CNS damage in newborns is a violation of blood circulation in the brain, as a result of which the brain does not receive the required amount of blood, and consequently, lacks oxygen and nutrients.
Hypoxia can have:
- perinatal origin associated with pregnancy and the process of delivery;
- postnatal etiology, which arose after the birth of a child.
Among the causes of damage to the central nervous system, hypoxia is in the first place. In such cases, specialists talk about hypoxic-ischemic lesions of the central nervous system in newborns.
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the central nervous system
Adverse effects on the fetus can be acute and chronic diseases of the mother, work in harmful industries (chemicals, various radiation), bad habits of parents (smoking, alcoholism, drug addiction). Also, harmful toxic effects on the developing child in the womb of the child are caused by severe toxicosis, infection penetration and placental pathology.
Postnatal hypoxic-ischemic injury of the central nervous system
During labor the baby experiences a significant strain on the body. Especially serious tests have to be experienced by the child, if the birth process passes with pathology: premature or impetuous childbirth, ancestral weakness, early discharge of amniotic fluid, large fetus, etc.
Degrees of cerebral ischemia
There are three degrees of hypoxic damage:
- Hypoxic lesion of the central nervous system of 1 degree. This rather mild degree is characterized by excessive excitement or depression in the first week of a baby's life.
- Hypoxic lesion of the central nervous system of the 2nd degree. With a lesion of moderate severity, a longer period of impairment is observed, with seizures.
- Hypoxic lesion of the central nervous system of the third degree. At a severe degree, the child resides in the intensive care unit , where intensive care is given, as there is a real threat to the health and life of the baby.
Consequences of hypoxic-ischemic injury of the central nervous system
As a result of hypoxia, congenital reflexes can be disturbed, functional disorders of the central nervous system, heart, lungs, kidneys and liver are possible. Subsequently, there is a delay in the physical and
In connection with this, women are advised to take up medical records early in pregnancy, have screening examinations in a timely manner, lead a healthy lifestyle during the preparation for pregnancy and during pregnancy. For effective treatment, cerebral ischemia should be diagnosed in the first months of the baby's life.