Polyps of the rectum

Polyps are abnormal benign proliferation of the mucosa, which can form on the walls of various organs. The danger of these formations is that over time they are able to degenerate into malignant tumors. Very often polyps are localized in the rectum, formed from epithelial cells in its lumen. Let's consider, with what the formation of polyps in the rectum is connected, what are the manifestations of this pathology, and how it is treated.

The causes of polyps in the rectum

Reliable causes of this pathology have not yet been identified. However, numerous studies show that the risk of changes in the mucous membrane of the organ leading to the development of abnormal growths increases when:

• presence in the family of relatives with this disease;
• prolonged constipation ;
• chronic inflammatory bowel disease;
• acute intestinal infections;
• abuse of alcoholic beverages;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• negative environmental conditions in the area of ​​residence.

The first symptoms of rectum polyps

In many cases, the pathology does not have a clinically pronounced pattern and is detected unexpectedly during instrumental or digital finger examination of the rectum. There are only a few symptoms that are not specific and may be present in other bowel diseases. These include:

• periodically arising sensation of a foreign object in the rectum;
• the appearance of scarlet blood or excessive amounts of mucus during defecation;
• discomfort and soreness in the lower abdomen;
• stool disorders;
• itching in the anal area.

The severity of symptoms is largely determined by the stage of the pathological process, as well as the type and number of polyps that are in the rectum. Thus, polyps that have a long leg, can fall out of the anus during defecation, infringe and cause pain. With multiple polyps in the late stages, anemia, depletion of the body often develops.

Treatment of polyps in the rectum

In connection with the fact that polyps can be transformed into cancer tumors and, in addition, cause other complications (intestinal obstruction, rectal fissures, paraproctitis, etc.), it is impossible to delay with their treatment. Before the beginning of treatment, a detailed examination of the organ with a view to detecting the degree of damage to the rectum must be carried out.

The only way to treat polyps in the rectum is to remove them. A number of methods are used for this:

1. Transanal removal - used for shallow localization of polyps, performed with a scalpel.
2. Endoscopic surgery - removal of the tumor with a colonoscope or sigmoidoscope.
3. Electrocoagulation - performed with small single polyps on a wide base or pronounced leg.
4. Laser destruction - can be used as an independent method, or after excision of the tumor with a scalpel.
5. Resection of the rectum - removal of the affected part of the organ with diffuse polyposis or signs of malignancy of the tumor.

The operation is planned, before it is necessary some preparation, including compliance with the diet, the use of anti-inflammatory and anesthetic rectal suppositories, intestinal cleansing. After removal of polyps for some time, you need to periodically see a doctor. If the appearance of polyps is related with other diseases, their treatment is carried out.

Is it possible to treat polyps of the rectum without surgery?

Some patients, fearing surgical intervention, are wondering whether polyps should be removed in the rectum, whether it is possible to carry out treatment without surgery, using folk remedies or medications. It is worth knowing that, unfortunately, today there are no effective conservative methods of getting rid of this pathology. Therefore, it is better not to postpone the operation to prevent the development of complications.