Hormones of the hypothalamus

Hypothalamus is one of the main organs in the human endocrine system. It is located near the base of the brain. He is responsible for the correct functioning of the pituitary gland and normal metabolism. Hormones produced in the hypothalamus are very important for the body. They are peptides that are responsible for different processes occurring in the body.

What hormones are produced by the hypothalamus?

In the hypothalamus there are nerve cells, which are responsible for the production of all vital hormones. They are called neurosecretory cells. At a certain moment, they receive afferent nerve impulses, which are delivered by different parts of the nervous system. Axons of neurosecretory cells terminate on blood vessels, where they form axo-vasal synapses. Through the last and the produced hormones are excreted.

The hypothalamus produces liberins and statins - the so-called releasing hormones. These substances are needed to regulate the hormonal activity of the pituitary gland. Statins are responsible for lowering the synthesis of independent elements, and liberians for increasing it.

To date, the best studied hormones of the hypothalamus:

1. Gonadoliberines. These hormones are responsible for increasing the number of produced sex hormones. They also participate in the support of the normal menstrual cycle and the formation of sexual desire. Under the influence of a large amount of lyuliberin - one of the varieties of gonadotypes - a mature egg leaves. If these hormones are not enough, a woman can develop infertility .
2. Somatoliberin. These hormones, produced by the hypothalamus, are needed to release growth substances. They must be most actively developed in childhood and youth. In the case of a lack of a hormone, dwarfism can develop.
3. Corticoliberin. Responsible for more intensive production of adrenocorticotropic hormones in the pituitary gland. If the hormone is not produced in the required amount, in most cases adrenal insufficiency develops.
4. Prolactoliberin. This substance is particularly active should develop during pregnancy and throughout the lactation period. This releasing factor increases the amount of prolactin produced and promotes the development of ducts in the breast.
5. Dopamine, melanostatin and somatostatin. They suppress tropic hormones produced in the pituitary gland.
6. Melanoliberin. Takes part in the production of melanin and reproduction of pigment cells.
7. Tyroliberin. It is necessary to isolate thyroid-stimulating hormones and increase thyroxine in the blood.

Regulation of the secretion of hormones of the hypothalamus

The nervous system responds to the regulation of hormone secretion. The more hormones the target gland is produced, the less secretion of tropic hormones. This relationship can not only act depressingly. In some cases, it changes the effect of the hormones of the hypothalamus on cells located in the pituitary gland.

Hormone medications for the hypothalamus

These include:

1. Sermorelin. An analogue of the natural growth hormone. It is assigned mainly to children who are too small. It is forbidden during pregnancy and during lactation.
2. Bromocriptine. Used to stimulate postsynaptic dopamine receptors. It is prescribed for interruption of lactation.
3. Okreotid. It can reduce the production of growth hormones and suppress the activity of glandular tissues. It is prescribed for ulcers and secreting tumors.
4. Rifatiroin. An analogue of the hormone of the hypothalamus of tiropropin.
5. Stylamine. It can lower the blood flow in the internal organs, without affecting the systemic blood pressure.