The thyroid gland is the largest gland in the human body. There are no ducts in it, so all the hormones that it constantly produces, immediately fall into the blood. The thyroid gland is regulated by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. It is in them that the hormones that are needed for the normal functioning of the entire endocrine system are produced.
What affects the hormone TSH?
TSH (thyrotropic hormone) is the regulating hormone of the human brain. It is produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and controls the activity of the thyroid gland. Thyrotropin acts on receptors in the thyroid gland, and this increases the number and size of thyroid cells. But this is not all, for which the hormone TTG meets. He also:
- activates adenylate cyclase;
- increases the intake of thyroid iodine by cells;
- increases the synthesis of proteins, phospholipids and nucleic acids.
But most importantly, what affects the hormone TSG - the production of the thyroid hormone T4 and the biologically active hormone TZ. It is he who stimulates their appearance, and they are very important for the normal functioning of the whole organism, because T3 and T4 perform such functions:
- accelerate thinking;
- Increase motor activity and blood pressure;
- maintain the respiratory center;
- increase the frequency and strength of rhythmic contractions of the heart;
- increase mental activity;
- stimulate the assimilation of proteins formation of the renal hormone;
- accelerate the absorption of oxygen in the organs.
Hormone TSH in the body
There is an inverse relationship between the concentrations of hormones TSH and free T4. If there is a lot of thyroxine (T4) in the blood, this leads to a sharp decrease in the production of a sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH. Accordingly, a decrease in T4 concentration increases the production of TSH. Deviations from the norm may indicate the presence of diseases in the body and cause the development of pathologies.
So, if the hormone TSH is lowered, it is possible to reduce the function of the pituitary gland and the emergence of hyperthyroidism , and excess TSH signals a lack of adrenal function and the presence of severe mental illnesses or tumors. Reduced secretion of T4 or T3 can cause:
- the appearance of edema;
- weakening of intellectual abilities;
- lowering blood pressure;
- pain in the heart ;
- heart rhythm disturbances;
- disorders of the reproductive system;
- disorders of the digestive tract.
In pregnant women, lowering the secretion of T3 and T4 can cause disruption of the formation of the skeleton of the child and cells of its central nervous system, and lead to poor assimilation of oxygen and various nutrients in the tissues of the fetus.
Analysis for hormones TTG, T3, T4
For a complete diagnosis of the thyroid gland and the selection of an adequate treatment, a complex analysis is made for the hormones T4, TTG and T3. All thyroid hormones shchitovidki can be in a connected or loose state, so this blood test can be:
- T3-total (free triiodothyronine + bound);
- T4-free (free thyroxine, which is not associated with blood proteins);
- T4-general (free thyroxine + bound);
- TZ-free (free triiodothyronine (T3), which is not associated with blood proteins).
Normal values of the concentration of thyroid hormone thyrogens TSH, T3 and T4 in the blood may have minor differences depending on the laboratory method used, the age and sex of the patient.
It is very easy to pass such an analysis. It is only necessary:
- Be sure that during the last month you did not take drugs that affect thyroid function.
- Do not eat 10-12 hours before the test.
- Do not smoke or drink alcohol, and minimize exercise on the day before the study.