Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the main role in the treatment is given to the observance of proper nutrition. The disease itself arises from a metabolic disorder that results in the body's lack of absorption of glucose. If the form of the disease is mild, it is often enough to eat only diabetics. If the form is medium or heavy, then in addition to the diet, the doctor will prescribe and take insulin (or sugar-reducing drugs).
Proper nutrition in diabetes: a unit of bread
Nutrition of patients with diabetes mellitus presupposes the absence of sharp jumps in the level of sugar in the blood and keeping it at the same level. Hence a number of limitations and a list of preferred products.
One of the most important principles for all those who plan nutrition with type 1 diabetes is the calculation of the norm of foods rich in carbohydrates. To do this, the doctors even introduced a special measure - the so-called bread unit. This is an indicator introduced for the convenience of calculating carbohydrates, which are absorbed by the body, regardless of the product that contains them (be it an apple or porridge). The bread unit equals 12-15 grams of carbohydrates and raises the blood sugar level by a constant value of 2.8 mmol / l, for the assimilation of which the body needs 2 units of insulin.
Dietary nutrition in diabetes involves monitoring the compliance of the insulin and bodily units in order not to provoke the growth or decrease in blood sugar, which can be very dangerous for the health of such a person. In a day, a person needs 18-25 grain units, which need to be evenly distributed for 5-6 meals, and more must be consumed in the first half of the day.
Dietary intake for diabetes mellitus
Food for diabetes should be selected with great care, because it should not only be safe in terms of sugar level jumps, but also full, providing the body with all the necessary substances. It is important to note that nutrition with type 2 diabetes involves no less strict adherence to all norms. It is recommended to include the following components:
- black bread (200 grams per day);
- Soups with weak meat, vegetable and fish broth with a small amount of vegetables (1-2 times a week);
- boiled meat and poultry (allowed to be poured);
- low-fat boiled and jellied fish;
- dishes from baked, boiled or raw vegetables: deciduous greens, lettuce, cabbage, potatoes, radish, courgettes, cucumbers, beets, carrots;
- occasionally - legumes, pasta;
- 2 eggs a day (no more!);
- sour and sweet-sour fruit and berries to 200 grams per day;
- kefir (1-2 cups), cottage cheese (not more than 100 grams);
- tea with milk, weak coffee, tomato juice, fruit and berry unsweetened juices;
- butter, vegetable oil (up to 40g per day).
Foods with diabetes should be selected carefully and carefully, especially if they are rich in carbohydrates. Including, you should not forget about the list of prohibited products:
- alcoholic beverages;
- bananas, grapes, raisins;
- all sharp, spicy, fatty dishes;
- all sweets: from honey to sweets, ice cream and cakes;
- sharp spices and additives, like pepper and mustard.
Adhering to such food, you will protect your health, while preserving an interesting and varied diet.